Universidade da Coruña, Gerontology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 2018 Jun;37(3):993-999. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.04.009. Epub 2017 Apr 15.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Malnutrition is an important and growing health problem in elderly people. The main aim of this research was to examine the relationship between socio-demographic factors, social resources, functional status and quality of life and malnutrition or risk of malnutrition in elders.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 749 community-dwelling elders aged 65 years and over. A comprehensive assessment was carried out, including the collection of socio-demographic factors, social resources by the Older Americans Resources and Services Scale, nutritional status by the Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form, functional status by the Lawton's instrumental activities of daily living scale and quality of life by the World Health Organizations's Quality of Life measure-brief version (WHOQOL-BREF).
Being female, the presence of totally impaired social resources and low scores in the physical health domain of the WHOQOL-BREF were the strongest determinants of malnutrition/risk of malnutrition. This model predicted 85.7% of the cases correctly. In men, the best determinants were being unmarried and having poor satisfaction with their health, with a percentage of 89.8% of cases of poor nutritional status correctly predicted. The best determinant for women was also the physical health domain of the WHOQOL-BREF, reaching a correct prediction of 83.0% of malnutrition/risk of it.
Nutritional status assessment and potential determinant factors should be incorporated as part of comprehensive assessments for early identification of malnutrition and to determine appropriate intervention strategies to address this public health problem in older adults.
营养不良是老年人中一个重要且日益严重的健康问题。本研究的主要目的是探讨社会人口因素、社会资源、功能状态和生活质量与老年人营养不良或营养不良风险之间的关系。
本研究采用横断面研究设计，对 749 名年龄在 65 岁及以上的社区居住老年人进行了代表性抽样。进行了全面评估，包括社会人口因素、老年人资源和服务量表的社会资源、迷你营养评估-短表的营养状况、劳顿日常生活活动量表的功能状态和世界卫生组织生活质量量表-简要版（WHOQOL-BREF）的生活质量。
女性、完全受损的社会资源和 WHOQOL-BREF 身体健康领域得分低是营养不良/营养不良风险的最强决定因素。该模型正确预测了 85.7%的病例。在男性中，最佳决定因素是未婚和对健康状况不满意，正确预测了 89.8%的营养不良病例。女性的最佳决定因素也是 WHOQOL-BREF 的身体健康领域，正确预测了 83.0%的营养不良/营养不良风险。
应将营养状况评估和潜在的决定因素纳入综合评估的一部分，以便及早发现营养不良，并确定适当的干预策略来解决老年人这一公共卫生问题。
