Birch Kean
York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Sci Technol Human Values. 2017 May;42(3):460-490. doi: 10.1177/0162243916661633. Epub 2016 Aug 10.
Current debates in science and technology studies emphasize that the bio-economy-or, the articulation of capitalism and biotechnology-is built on notions of commodity production, commodification, and materiality, emphasizing that it is possible to derive value from body parts, molecular and cellular tissues, biological processes, and so on. What is missing from these perspectives, however, is consideration of the political-economic actors, knowledges, and practices involved in the creation and management of value. As part of a rethinking of value in the bio-economy, this article analyzes three key political-economic processes: financialization, capitalization, and assetization. In doing so, it argues that value is managed as part of a series of valuation practices, it is not inherent in biological materialities.
科学技术研究领域当前的争论强调，生物经济——即资本主义与生物技术的结合——建立在商品生产、商品化和物质性的概念之上，强调从身体部位、分子和细胞组织、生物过程等中获取价值是可能的。然而，这些观点所缺失的是对价值创造和管理过程中涉及的政治经济行为体、知识和实践的考量。作为对生物经济中价值进行重新思考的一部分，本文分析了三个关键的政治经济过程：金融化、资本化和资产化。通过这样做，本文认为价值是作为一系列估值实践的一部分进行管理的，它并非生物物质所固有的。
