Vélez Clorinda E, Krause Elizabeth D, McKinnon Allison, Brunwasser Steven M, Freres Derek R, Abenavoli Rachel M, Gillham Jane E
Department of Psychology, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT.
Department of Psychology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA.
J Early Adolesc. 2016 Nov;36(8):1118-1143. doi: 10.1177/0272431615594460. Epub 2015 Jul 21.
This study examined how social support seeking and rumination interacted to predict depression and anxiety symptoms six months later in early adolescents (N = 118; 11 - 14 yrs at baseline). We expected social support seeking would be more helpful for adolescents engaging in low rather than high levels of rumination. Adolescents self-reported on all measures at baseline, and on depression and anxiety symptoms six months later. Social support seeking predicted fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety at low rumination levels, but lost its adaptive effects as rumination increased. For depression symptoms, social support seeking led to symptoms at high rumination levels. Results were stronger for emotion-focused than problem-focused support seeking, and for depression compared to anxiety symptoms. These findings suggest that cognitive risk factors like rumination may explain some inconsistencies in previous social support literature, and highlight the importance of a nuanced approach to studying social support seeking.
本研究调查了在青少年早期（N = 118；基线时年龄为11 - 14岁），寻求社会支持与沉思如何相互作用，以预测六个月后的抑郁和焦虑症状。我们预计，对于沉思水平较低而非较高的青少年，寻求社会支持会更有帮助。青少年在基线时自我报告了所有测量指标，并在六个月后报告了抑郁和焦虑症状。在低沉思水平下，寻求社会支持预示着抑郁和焦虑症状较少，但随着沉思增加，其适应性效应消失。对于抑郁症状，在高沉思水平下，寻求社会支持导致了症状。与以问题为中心的支持寻求相比，以情绪为中心的支持寻求的结果更强，与焦虑症状相比，抑郁症状的结果更强。这些发现表明，像沉思这样的认知风险因素可能解释了先前社会支持文献中的一些不一致之处，并强调了采用细致入微的方法研究寻求社会支持的重要性。
