Martin Meredith J, Sturge-Apple Melissa L, Davies Patrick T, Romero Christine V
Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester.
Dev Psychol. 2017 Jul;53(7):1344-1355. doi: 10.1037/dev0000334. Epub 2017 May 1.
This study examined the consequences of negative change in mothers' implicit appraisals of their adolescents after engaging in a family disagreement. Participants included 194 mothers and their early adolescents (Mage = 12.4 at Wave 1; 50% female) followed over 1 year. Mothers' implicit appraisals of her child as "unlovable" were assessed using the Go/No-Go Association Task-Child (Sturge-Apple, Rogge, Skibo, et al., 2015), an associative word-sorting task, before and after engaging in a family conflict task. Mothers' implicit appraisals, on average, did not become more negative following conflicts with their teen. However, substantial variability was evident, suggesting that important individual differences exist in mothers' cognitive reactivity to conflict. Greater susceptibility to implicit change predicted more harsh and insensitive parenting in response to their adolescents' bids for support 1 year later. This effect held over and above mothers' emotional reactivity to the conflict, their explicit negative attitudes about their adolescent, and maternal harshness at Time 1. Harsh and insensitive parenting, in turn, mediated the link between maternal implicit reactivity and subsequent increases in adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems. The results suggest that individual differences in maternal susceptibility to changes in implicit appraisals following conflictual interactions serve as a unique determinant of parenting in adolescence. (PsycINFO Database Record
本研究考察了母亲在经历家庭分歧后对青少年的内隐评价发生负面变化的后果。研究参与者包括194名母亲及其处于青少年早期的孩子（第1波时的平均年龄为12.4岁；50%为女性），跟踪时间超过1年。在参与家庭冲突任务前后，使用“是/否联想任务 - 儿童版”（斯特奇 - 阿普尔、罗格、斯基博等人，2015年）这一联想性单词分类任务，评估母亲将其孩子评价为“不可爱”的内隐评价。平均而言，母亲与青少年发生冲突后，其对孩子的内隐评价并未变得更加负面。然而，明显存在很大的变异性，这表明母亲对冲突的认知反应存在重要的个体差异。内隐变化的易感性越高，预示着1年后母亲在回应青少年寻求支持时会采取更严厉、更冷漠的养育方式。这一效应在母亲对冲突的情绪反应、她们对青少年明确的负面态度以及第1阶段的母亲严厉程度之上依然存在。反过来，严厉和冷漠的养育方式介导了母亲内隐反应性与青少年内化和外化问题随后增加之间的联系。研究结果表明，冲突性互动后母亲对内隐评价变化的易感性方面的个体差异是青少年期养育方式的一个独特决定因素。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
