Rey Gozalo Guillermo, Barrigón Morillas Juan Miguel
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 5 Poniente 1670, 3460000 Talca, Chile.
Departamento de Física Aplicada, Escuela Politécnica, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2017 Apr;141(4):2418. doi: 10.1121/1.4979335.
Many cities have historical areas clearly distinguished from the rest because of the architecture, urban planning, and functionality. In many cases, these aspects give one the possibility of finding a characteristic acoustic environment and also developing quiet areas. Through an examination of sound levels and surveys, the perception of residents and passers-by concerning the acoustic environment of the old town of Cáceres and its relation with the characteristics of the urban environment were analysed. In addition, the perception and the effects of noise pollution of low intensity were studied. The results indicate that absence of daytime noise is the most influential environmental characteristic on the overall perception of the urban environment studied, even surpassing the feeling of security. The absence of daytime noise was also the most valued characteristic of the urban environment according to respondents. The most annoying noise source proved to be the road traffic. However, for similar levels of sound exposure, the percentages of people who were annoyed and whose sleep was disturbed were lower than those found in previous studies. Bells and birds, both soundmarks of the soundscape of this urban environment, were among the most annoying to passers-by.
许多城市都有因建筑、城市规划和功能而与其他区域明显区分开来的历史区域。在很多情况下，这些方面使得人们有可能找到独特的声学环境并打造安静区域。通过对声级的检测和调查，分析了卡塞雷斯老城区居民和路人对其声学环境的感知以及这种感知与城市环境特征的关系。此外，还研究了低强度噪声污染的感知及其影响。结果表明，白天无噪音是对所研究的城市环境整体感知最具影响力的环境特征，甚至超过了安全感。根据受访者的说法，白天无噪音也是城市环境中最受重视的特征。事实证明，最恼人的噪声源是道路交通。然而，对于相同的声暴露水平，感到烦恼和睡眠受到干扰的人群比例低于以往研究中的发现。钟声和鸟鸣声，这两种该城市环境声景的声标，是路人最感到烦恼的声音之一。
