Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Harvard University Herbaria, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2017 Jul;32(7):531-546. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2017.03.015. Epub 2017 Apr 29.
The timing of phenological events, such as leaf-out and flowering, strongly influence plant success and their study is vital to understanding how plants will respond to climate change. Phenological research, however, is often limited by the temporal, geographic, or phylogenetic scope of available data. Hundreds of millions of plant specimens in herbaria worldwide offer a potential solution to this problem, especially as digitization efforts drastically improve access to collections. Herbarium specimens represent snapshots of phenological events and have been reliably used to characterize phenological responses to climate. We review the current state of herbarium-based phenological research, identify potential biases and limitations in the collection, digitization, and interpretation of specimen data, and discuss future opportunities for phenological investigations using herbarium specimens.
物候事件（如叶出和开花）的时间会强烈影响植物的成功，因此研究物候对理解植物对气候变化的反应至关重要。然而，物候学研究往往受到可用数据的时间、地理或系统发育范围的限制。全球数以亿计的植物标本在植物标本馆中提供了解决这个问题的潜在方案，尤其是随着数字化工作极大地改善了对馆藏的访问。植物标本馆标本代表了物候事件的快照，并已被可靠地用于描述对气候的物候反应。我们回顾了基于植物标本馆的物候学研究的现状，确定了在标本数据的收集、数字化和解释中可能存在的偏差和限制，并讨论了利用植物标本馆标本进行物候学研究的未来机会。
