Institut für Molekulare Enzymtechnologie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
Institut für Molekulare Enzymtechnologie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
J Biotechnol. 2017 Sep 20;258:136-147. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.04.033. Epub 2017 Apr 30.
Bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) consist of unfolded protein aggregates and represent inactive waste products often accumulating during heterologous overexpression of recombinant genes in Escherichia coli. This general misconception has been challenged in recent years by the discovery that IBs, apart from misfolded polypeptides, can also contain substantial amounts of active and thus correctly or native-like folded protein. The corresponding catalytically-active inclusion bodies (CatIBs) can be regarded as a biologically-active sub-micrometer sized biomaterial or naturally-produced carrier-free protein immobilizate. Fusion of polypeptide (protein) tags can induce CatIB formation paving the way towards the wider application of CatIBs in synthetic chemistry, biocatalysis and biomedicine. In the present review we summarize the history of CatIBs, present the molecular-biological tools that are available to induce CatIB formation, and highlight potential lines of application. In the second part findings regarding the formation, architecture, and structure of (Cat)IBs are summarized. Finally, an overview is presented about the available bioinformatic tools that potentially allow for the prediction of aggregation and thus (Cat)IB formation. This review aims at demonstrating the potential of CatIBs for biotechnology and hopefully contributes to a wider acceptance of this promising, yet not widely utilized, protein preparation.
细菌包含体（IBs）由未折叠的蛋白质聚集物组成，代表在大肠杆菌中异源过表达重组基因时经常积累的无活性的废物产物。近年来，这一普遍误解受到了挑战，因为人们发现，除了错误折叠的多肽外，IBs 还可以包含大量的活性、正确或天然折叠的蛋白质。相应的催化活性包含体（CatIBs）可以被视为具有生物活性的亚微米级生物材料或天然无载体的蛋白质固定化剂。多肽（蛋白质）标签的融合可以诱导 CatIB 的形成，为 CatIB 在合成化学、生物催化和生物医学中的更广泛应用铺平了道路。在本综述中，我们总结了 CatIB 的历史，介绍了可用于诱导 CatIB 形成的分子生物学工具，并强调了潜在的应用方向。第二部分总结了关于（Cat）IBs 的形成、结构和结构的发现。最后，介绍了现有的生物信息学工具，这些工具可能允许预测聚集，从而预测（Cat）IB 的形成。本文旨在展示 CatIB 在生物技术中的潜力，并希望能更广泛地接受这一有前途但尚未广泛应用的蛋白质制剂。
