Mumtaz Peerzada Tajamul, Bhat Shakil Ahmad, Ahmad Syed Mudasir, Dar Mashooq Ahmad, Ahmed Raashid, Urwat Uneeb, Ayaz Aadil, Shrivastava Divya, Shah Riaz Ahmad, Ganai Nazir Ahmad
Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-K, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir India.
School of Life Sciences Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan India.
Biol Proced Online. 2017 Apr 27;19:3. doi: 10.1186/s12575-017-0052-7. eCollection 2017.
Immune responses combat various infectious agents by inducing inflammatory responses, antimicrobial pathways and adaptive immunity. The polygenic responses to these external stimuli are temporally and coordinately regulated. Specific lncRNAs are induced to modulate innate and adaptive immune responses which can function through various target interactions like RNA-DNA, RNA-RNA, and RNA-protein interaction and hence affect the immunogenic regulation at various stages of gene expression. LncRNA are found to be present in various immune cells like monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells and B cells. They have been shown to be involved in many biological processes, including the regulation of the expression of genes, the dosage compensation and genomics imprinting, but the knowledge how lncRNAs are regulated and how they alter cell differentiation/function is still obscure. Further dysregulation of lncRNA has been seen in many diseases, but as yet very less research has been carried out to understand the role of lncRNAs in regulation during host-pathogens interactions. In this review, we summarize the functional developments and mechanism of action of lncRNAs, in immunity and defense of host against pathogens.
免疫反应通过诱导炎症反应、抗菌途径和适应性免疫来对抗各种感染因子。对这些外部刺激的多基因反应在时间上受到协调调控。特定的长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）被诱导来调节先天性和适应性免疫反应，其可通过RNA-DNA、RNA-RNA和RNA-蛋白质相互作用等各种靶标相互作用发挥功能，从而影响基因表达各个阶段的免疫原性调控。lncRNA存在于多种免疫细胞中，如单核细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞、中性粒细胞、T细胞和B细胞。它们已被证明参与许多生物学过程，包括基因表达的调控、剂量补偿和基因组印记，但lncRNA如何被调控以及它们如何改变细胞分化/功能的知识仍然模糊不清。lncRNA的进一步失调在许多疾病中都有发现，但迄今为止，为了解lncRNA在宿主-病原体相互作用过程中的调控作用所开展的研究非常少。在这篇综述中，我们总结了lncRNA在免疫以及宿主抵御病原体方面的功能进展和作用机制。
