Shetty Prakashchandra, Nayak Satheesha B
Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
J Cardiovasc Echogr. 2017 Jan-Mar;27(1):7-9. doi: 10.4103/2211-4122.199060.
Knowledge of vascular variations near the kidney is of importance to many clinical disciplines such as nephrologists, radiologists, gastroenterologists, and general surgeons. Variant branches of the abdominal aorta and renal arteries are the victims of iatrogenic bleeding during surgery. We found multiple vascular variations in the upper part of the abdomen during our dissection classes.
During the dissection classes of the abdomen for undergraduate medical students, we observed multiple vascular variations in the abdomen of an adult male cadaver. The vessels and surrounding viscera were cleaned using dissection instruments. Variations observed were photographed.
The right kidney had its hilum directed posteriorly. There were two right renal veins and a partially doubled left renal vein (LRV). The left suprarenal and gonadal veins drained into the upper LRV. There were two right renal arteries. Upper right renal artery gave origin to the right inferior phrenic and middle suprarenal arteries. There were two renal arteries on the left side also. The left upper renal artery gave a polar branch to the left kidney and divided into two branches before entering the kidney. The left inferior phrenic artery (IPA) gave two gastric branches to the fundus of the stomach.
The variations noted by us are of tremendous surgical application. The variant vessels might get damaged during surgical procedures if the surgeons are not aware of these variations. The most important among the variations reported here is the gastric branch of the IPA, which has not been reported yet.
了解肾脏附近的血管变异对许多临床学科都很重要，如肾病学家、放射科医生、胃肠病学家和普通外科医生。腹主动脉和肾动脉的变异分支是手术中医源性出血的受害者。我们在解剖课上发现了上腹部的多种血管变异。
在为本科医学生进行的腹部解剖课上，我们观察了一名成年男性尸体腹部的多种血管变异。使用解剖器械清理血管和周围脏器。对观察到的变异进行拍照。
右肾门向后。有两条右肾静脉和一条部分重复的左肾静脉。左肾上腺静脉和性腺静脉汇入左肾静脉上段。有两条右肾动脉。右上肾动脉发出右膈下动脉和中肾上腺动脉。左侧也有两条肾动脉。左上肾动脉向左肾发出一个极支，在进入肾脏前分为两支。左膈下动脉向胃底发出两支胃支。
我们所发现的变异具有巨大的手术应用价值。如果外科医生不了解这些变异，在手术过程中变异血管可能会受损。此处报道的变异中最重要的是左膈下动脉的胃支，此前尚未有过报道。
