Mitra Kamalika
HB-188, Sector-3, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, India.
Int J Psychoanal. 2017 May 3. doi: 10.1111/1745-8315.12667.
This paper correlates Sigmund Freud and Rabindranath Tagore's writings on mourning through two specific texts. Despite being contemporaries and profoundly influential, Tagore and Freud's spheres of influence have tended to be separate, so that there have been but few attempts at connecting their philosophies. This essay examines the second chapter of Tagore's novella Play of Four (Chaturanga, 1916) in the light of Freud's essay 'Mourning and melancholia' (1917). It explores how mourning may at once demand confirmation and denial; how it affects love and desire. The essay examines the Freudian concept of the unconscious through Tagore's symbolism; it also looks at Tagore and Freud's references to autobiographical elements and Shakespeare in their writing. The paper thus offers a close and juxtaposed reading of texts by two of the most important writers of the past century, who wrote and revolutionized our thinking about human minds and lives. In doing so, it throws new light on Tagore's novella and further proves the universality of Freud's propositions.
本文通过两篇特定文本，将西格蒙德·弗洛伊德与拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔关于哀悼的著作联系起来。尽管泰戈尔和弗洛伊德是同时代人且都极具影响力，但他们的影响范围往往相互分离，因此将他们的哲学联系起来的尝试寥寥无几。本文根据弗洛伊德的论文《哀悼与忧郁症》（1917年），审视了泰戈尔中篇小说《四个人的游戏》（《恰图兰卡》，1916年）的第二章。它探讨了哀悼如何既需要确认又需要否认；它如何影响爱与欲望。本文通过泰戈尔的象征手法审视了弗洛伊德的无意识概念；还研究了泰戈尔和弗洛伊德在写作中对自传元素及莎士比亚的引用。因此，本文对两位上个世纪最重要的作家的文本进行了细致且并列对照的解读，他们的写作革新了我们对人类思想与生活的思考。这样做，它为泰戈尔的中篇小说带来了新的解读，并进一步证明了弗洛伊德命题的普遍性。
