Navne Johan Emdal, Koch Anders, Slotved Hans-Christian, Andersson Mikael, Melbye Mads, Ladefoged Karin, Børresen Malene
a Department of Epidemiology Research , Statens Serum Institut , Copenhagen , Denmark.
b Department of Microbiology and Infection Control , Statens Serum Institut , Copenhagen , Denmark.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2017;76(1):1309504. doi: 10.1080/22423982.2017.1309504.
In 2010, Greenland introduced the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar 13®- PCV-13) in the childhood immunisation program. The authors aimed to evaluate the impact of PCV-13 on nasopharyngeal carriage of bacteria frequently associated with respiratory infections in children.
In 2013 a cross-sectional population-based study of nasopharyngeal carriage was conducted among Greenlandic children aged 0-6 years and results were compared with an equivalent study from 2011. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were tested for Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus aureus. Pneumococcal serotyping was performed by Quellung reaction and serotype-specific antisera. Statistical analysis included logistic regression models, adjusting for known risk factors.
A total of 377 nasopharyngeal samples were collected. Overall carriage rate of S. pneumoniae remained unchanged from 2011 to 2013 (51% and 56%, p=0.13), but significant serotype shifts were observed among both vaccinated and unvaccinated children with marked reductions in carriage of vaccine-type pneumococci, counterbalanced by increasing carriage of non-vaccine types. Carriage rate of S. aureus decreased significantly among vaccinated children whereas that of M. catarrhalis increased.
PCV-13 introduction in Greenland is associated with significant changes in nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage. Continued surveillance is warranted to clarify whether these changes are persistent, and affect the pattern of respiratory and invasive diseases in Greenland.
2010年，格陵兰在儿童免疫规划中引入了13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（沛儿13® - PCV - 13）。作者旨在评估PCV - 13对儿童中经常与呼吸道感染相关的细菌在鼻咽部定植的影响。
2013年，在格陵兰0至6岁儿童中开展了一项基于人群的鼻咽部定植横断面研究，并将结果与2011年的一项同等研究进行比较。对鼻咽拭子样本进行肺炎链球菌、不可分型流感嗜血杆菌、卡他莫拉菌和金黄色葡萄球菌检测。通过荚膜肿胀反应和血清型特异性抗血清进行肺炎球菌血清分型。统计分析包括逻辑回归模型，并对已知风险因素进行校正。
共收集了377份鼻咽样本。2011年至2013年，肺炎链球菌的总体定植率保持不变（分别为51%和56%，p = 0.13），但在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的儿童中均观察到显著的血清型转变，疫苗型肺炎球菌的定植显著减少，非疫苗型肺炎球菌的定植增加起到了平衡作用。接种疫苗儿童中金黄色葡萄球菌的定植率显著下降，而卡他莫拉菌的定植率增加。
在格陵兰引入PCV - 13与鼻咽部细菌定植显著变化相关。有必要持续监测以明确这些变化是否持续存在，并影响格陵兰的呼吸道和侵袭性疾病模式。
