Center for Advanced Photovoltaics, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
Sci Rep. 2017 May 3;7(1):1440. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01638-y.
A hierarchical mesoporous carbon foam (ECF) with an interconnected micro-/mesoporous architecture was prepared and used as a binder-free, low-cost, high-performance anode for lithium ion batteries. Due to its high specific surface area (980.6 m/g), high porosity (99.6%), light weight (5 mg/cm) and narrow pore size distribution (~2 to 5 nm), the ECF anode exhibited a high reversible specific capacity of 455 mAh/g. Experimental results also demonstrated that the anode thickness significantly influence the specific capacity of the battery. Meanwhile, the ECF anode retained a high rate performance and an excellent cycling performance approaching 100% of its initial capacity over 300 cycles at 0.1 A/g. In addition, no binders, carbon additives or current collectors are added to the ECF based cells that will increase the total weight of devices. The high electrochemical performance was mainly attributed to the combined favorable hierarchical structures which can facilitate the Li accessibility and also enable the fast diffusion of electron into the electrode during the charge and discharge process. The synthesis process used to make this elastic carbon foam is readily scalable to industrial applications in energy storage devices such as li-ion battery and supercapacitor.
一种具有互联微/介孔结构的分级介孔碳泡沫（ECF）被制备出来，并被用作锂离子电池的无粘结剂、低成本、高性能的阳极。由于其高比表面积（980.6m/g）、高孔隙率（99.6%）、轻重量（5mg/cm）和窄孔径分布（~2 至 5nm），ECF 阳极表现出了 455mAh/g 的高可逆比容量。实验结果还表明，阳极厚度显著影响电池的比容量。同时，ECF 阳极在 0.1A/g 的电流密度下仍具有出色的倍率性能和循环性能，经过 300 次循环后，其初始容量保持率接近 100%。此外，在基于 ECF 的电池中没有添加粘结剂、碳添加剂或集流器，这会增加器件的总重量。这种高电化学性能主要归因于组合的有利的分级结构，其可以促进 Li 的可及性，并使电子在充放电过程中快速扩散到电极中。用于制造这种弹性碳泡沫的合成工艺很容易扩展到储能设备（如锂离子电池和超级电容器）的工业应用中。
