Shilton Alexandra L, Laycock Robin, Crewther Sheila G
Department of Psychology and Counselling, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, MelbourneVIC, Australia.
School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, MelbourneVIC, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2017 Apr 19;8:567. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00567. eCollection 2017.
The Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST) is designed to be a simple, quick, and non-invasive procedure aimed at activating the human stress system. The MAST has been developed by combining elements from two of the most common experimental paradigms measuring stress, the Trier Social Stress Test and the Cold Pressor Test. The aim of this study was to use the MAST procedure to elicit strong autonomic and subjective stress responses that can be quantified in terms of (systolic and diastolic) blood pressure, pulse rate (PR), and state anxiety ratings. In healthy individuals, the MAST induced a significant elevation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) from baseline for up to 30 min post-MAST, while diastolic blood pressure (DBP) dropped to baseline within 10 min post-MAST. Interestingly, the presentation of instructions alerting participants to the procedure resulted in significant elevation of both SBP and DBP above baseline. However, BP measurements prior to test initiation were not as high as those measured immediately after the MAST procedure. PR data showed limited variability across time points. Self-reported state anxiety increased dramatically from baseline to immediately following the MAST procedure. Further, individuals who reported higher levels of depression and stress were more likely to demonstrate larger increases in SBP in response to the MAST. Together, these results support the use of the MAST as a useful tool to activate both acute physiological and subjective measures of the stress response in healthy adults lasting up to 30 min.
马斯特里赫特急性应激测试（MAST）旨在成为一种简单、快速且非侵入性的程序，旨在激活人体应激系统。MAST是通过结合两种最常见的测量应激的实验范式（特里尔社会应激测试和冷加压测试）的要素而开发的。本研究的目的是使用MAST程序引发强烈的自主神经和主观应激反应，这些反应可以通过（收缩压和舒张压）血压、脉搏率（PR）和状态焦虑评分进行量化。在健康个体中，MAST使收缩压（SBP）从基线显著升高，在MAST后长达30分钟内保持升高，而舒张压（DBP）在MAST后10分钟内降至基线。有趣的是，向参与者提醒该程序的说明会导致SBP和DBP均显著高于基线水平。然而，测试开始前的血压测量值不如MAST程序后立即测量的值高。PR数据在各时间点显示出有限的变异性。自我报告的状态焦虑从基线到MAST程序后立即显著增加。此外，报告抑郁和应激水平较高的个体在对MAST的反应中更有可能表现出SBP的更大升高。总之，这些结果支持将MAST用作激活健康成年人长达30分钟的应激反应的急性生理和主观测量的有用工具。
