Leslie Laura J, Vasanthi Bathrinarayanan Pranav, Jackson Pamela, Mabiala Ma Muanda Justin A, Pallett Ross, Stillman Christopher J P, Marshall Lindsay J
a School of Engineering and Applied Science , Aston University , Birmingham , UK.
b School of Life and Health Sciences , Aston University , Birmingham , UK.
Inhal Toxicol. 2017 Feb;29(3):126-136. doi: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1318193.
The use of electronic cigarettes (ECs) is rapidly increasing worldwide; however, scientific evidence regarding EC cytotoxicity is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute cytotoxicity of EC vapor extract (ECE) on airway-related cells in vitro. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE), vapor extract of fifteen brands/flavors of ECs and the extract from the E-vehicle (propylene glycol and glycerin) was collected. Extracts, in concentrations of 100-12.5%, were added to human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B, IB3-1 and C38), fibroblast (Wi-38) and macrophage (J774 and THP-1) cell lines. Viability was assessed after 24 h using a standard XTT assay. Viability of <70% of control (no extract) was considered cytotoxic according to UNI EN ISO 10993-5 standards. CSE displayed a concentration-dependent influence on cell viability across all four cell lines with 100% producing the most toxic effect, therefore validating the model and indicating higher cytotoxicity than in ECEs. ECEs did reduce viability although this was not correlated with nicotine content or the E-vehicle. However, several flavors proved cytotoxic, with variation between different brands and cell lines. These data indicate that not all ECs are the same and that use of a particular flavor or brand may have differing effects. The cell line used is also an important factor. More research is crucial to ascertain the health effects of different ECs before they can be accepted as a safe alternative to tobacco cigarettes.
电子烟（ECs）在全球范围内的使用正在迅速增加；然而，关于电子烟细胞毒性的科学证据有限。本研究的目的是在体外评估电子烟蒸汽提取物（ECE）对气道相关细胞的急性细胞毒性。收集了香烟烟雾提取物（CSE）、15个品牌/口味的电子烟蒸汽提取物以及电子烟载体（丙二醇和甘油）的提取物。将浓度为100%-12.5%的提取物添加到人支气管上皮细胞系（BEAS-2B、IB3-1和C38）、成纤维细胞系（Wi-38）和巨噬细胞系（J774和THP-1）中。使用标准XTT法在24小时后评估细胞活力。根据UNI EN ISO 10993-5标准，细胞活力低于对照（无提取物）的70%被认为具有细胞毒性。CSE对所有四种细胞系的细胞活力均表现出浓度依赖性影响，100%浓度时产生的毒性作用最大，从而验证了该模型，并表明其细胞毒性高于电子烟蒸汽提取物。电子烟蒸汽提取物确实降低了细胞活力，尽管这与尼古丁含量或电子烟载体无关。然而，几种口味被证明具有细胞毒性，不同品牌和细胞系之间存在差异。这些数据表明并非所有电子烟都是一样的，使用特定的口味或品牌可能会有不同的效果。所使用的细胞系也是一个重要因素。在电子烟被视为烟草香烟的安全替代品之前，进行更多研究对于确定不同电子烟对健康的影响至关重要。
