Department of Medical Laboratory, Huaian Third Hospital, 272 Huaihai West Road, Huaian, 223001, People's Republic of China.
School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2018 Jan;181(1):22-30. doi: 10.1007/s12011-017-1039-6. Epub 2017 May 3.
Variation of serum trace elements was previously reported in schizophrenia (SZ) patients; however, whether such variation is resulted from the antipsychotic treatment remains obscure. A case control study consist of 165 SZ inpatients and 614 healthy controls measured serum magnesium (Mg), Copper (Cu), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (Phos), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) to investigate the relationship of trace elements and SZ. The SZ patients were further followed up (average 3.8 weeks) to evaluate the effects of antipsychotic treatment on the trace element concentrations using repeated measures ANOVA analysis. The results showed that higher concentrations of Mg and Phos and lower concentrations of Ca, Fe, and Zn were significant in SZ patients than that of controls (P < 0.01). The age was positively correlated with Fe and Cu, and negatively correlated with Ca, Phos, and Zn in controls (P < 0.05). Fe in male SZ patients was significantly higher than in female (P < 0.001), as well as in paranoid SZ and acute SZ (P < 0.05). Phos significantly increased after risperidone, clozapine, and aripiprazole treatment (P < 0.05), while Cu was decreased after clozapine and aripiprazole treatment. Zn significantly decreased particularly in mixed type SZ, acute SZ, and schizotypal SZ after antipsychotic treatment. These results suggested that higher concentration of Phos and lower concentration of Fe and Zn have important implications for the risk of SZ and the antipsychotic treatment is likely to result in the decreased Fe and increased Phos in the clinical subtypes of SZ.
血清微量元素的变化先前在精神分裂症（SZ）患者中被报道；然而，这种变化是否是由抗精神病药物治疗引起的仍然不清楚。一项包含 165 名 SZ 住院患者和 614 名健康对照的病例对照研究测量了血清镁（Mg）、铜（Cu）、钙（Ca）、磷（Phos）、铁（Fe）和锌（Zn），以调查微量元素与 SZ 的关系。SZ 患者进一步接受了随访（平均 3.8 周），以使用重复测量方差分析评估抗精神病药物治疗对微量元素浓度的影响。结果显示，SZ 患者的 Mg 和 Phos 浓度较高，Ca、Fe 和 Zn 浓度较低，与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。年龄与对照组的 Fe 和 Cu 呈正相关，与 Ca、Phos 和 Zn 呈负相关（P<0.05）。男性 SZ 患者的 Fe 明显高于女性（P<0.001），以及偏执型 SZ 和急性 SZ（P<0.05）。利培酮、氯氮平、阿立哌唑治疗后 Phos 明显升高（P<0.05），而氯氮平、阿立哌唑治疗后 Cu 降低。抗精神病药物治疗后，尤其是混合性 SZ、急性 SZ 和精神分裂样 SZ 患者的 Zn 显著降低。这些结果表明，Phos 浓度升高和 Fe、Zn 浓度降低与 SZ 的发病风险具有重要意义，并且抗精神病药物治疗可能导致 SZ 临床亚型的 Fe 降低和 Phos 升高。
