Archambault D, Morin G, Elazhary Y
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, St Hyacinthe, Que., Canada.
Vet Microbiol. 1988 Aug;17(4):323-34. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(88)90046-6.
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC), mycobacterium cell wall extract (MCWE, Regressin), killed Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum, Immunoregulin) and muramyldipeptide (MDP) were each combined with purified, live bovine rotavirus and inoculated into 3 month-old Holstein-Friesian calves in order to examine their ability to potentiate specific humoral and cellular immune responses. The vaccinated calves were boosted twice at 3 and 6 weeks after initial vaccine inoculation. The rotavirus was administered intramuscularly either in an aqueous suspension or in a water-in-oil (WIO) emulsion, prepared with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). DTC and C. parvum were given by the intravenous route, while MCWE and MDP were incorporated directly in the rotavirus suspension. Two groups of calves were also vaccinated either with rotavirus and IFA or with rotavirus emulsified in mineral oil and a mannide oleate compound (MOC, Montanide 888). A control group of calves was given phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution emulsified with IFA. The different vaccine preparations were then compared by studying the kinetics of serum rotavirus-neutralizing antibody production and of proliferative response by blood lymphocytes following in vitro stimulation with bovine rotavirus. The results showed that: (1) the bovine rotavirus should be incorporated in a WIO emulsion in order to induce a cell-mediated immune response as detected by the rotavirus-specific in vitro stimulation test with blood lymphocytes, and to produce higher neutralizing antibody titers in the serum; (2) the vaccines prepared with the mineral oil-MOC complex or IFA both induced comparable levels of humoral and cellular immune responses. The use of mineral oil and MOC as adjuvant may be preferred to IFA, because of the facility of preparing the vaccine and of the low viscosity of the resulting WIO emulsion: (3) the addition of MDP to the WIO emulsion prepared with IFA resulted in a higher cell-mediated immune response as determined by the in vitro blood lymphocyte transformation index specific for bovine rotavirus.
将二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠（DTC）、分枝杆菌细胞壁提取物（MCWE，Regressin）、灭活的短小棒状杆菌（短小棒状杆菌，免疫调节剂）和胞壁酰二肽（MDP）分别与纯化的活牛轮状病毒混合，并接种到3月龄的荷斯坦-弗里生犊牛体内，以检测它们增强特异性体液免疫和细胞免疫反应的能力。接种疫苗的犊牛在初次接种疫苗后的3周和6周各加强免疫一次。轮状病毒通过肌肉注射给予，呈水悬浮液或用不完全弗氏佐剂（IFA）制备的油包水（WIO）乳剂。DTC和短小棒状杆菌通过静脉途径给予，而MCWE和MDP则直接加入轮状病毒悬浮液中。两组犊牛还分别接种了轮状病毒和IFA，或接种了用矿物油和油酸山梨坦化合物（MOC，Montanide 888）乳化的轮状病毒。一组对照犊牛给予用IFA乳化的磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）溶液。然后通过研究血清轮状病毒中和抗体产生的动力学以及体外经牛轮状病毒刺激后血液淋巴细胞的增殖反应，对不同的疫苗制剂进行比较。结果表明：（1）为了通过血液淋巴细胞的轮状病毒特异性体外刺激试验检测到细胞介导的免疫反应，并在血清中产生更高的中和抗体滴度，牛轮状病毒应制成WIO乳剂；（2）用矿物油-MOC复合物或IFA制备的疫苗诱导的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应水平相当。由于制备疫苗方便且所得WIO乳剂粘度低，使用矿物油和MOC作为佐剂可能比IFA更可取：（3）在IFA制备的WIO乳剂中添加MDP，通过牛轮状病毒特异性体外血液淋巴细胞转化指数测定，导致更高的细胞介导免疫反应。
