Bomford R
Clin Exp Immunol. 1980 Feb;39(2):426-34.
A comparison was made of seven recognized adjuvants, Freund's incomplete and complete, alhydrogel, Corynebacterium parvum, Bordetella pertussis, muramyl dipeptide and saponin, administered with BSA or SRBC by the S.C. route of immunization. Strong selectivity as well as differences in potency were revealed in relation to these two antigens. Only FIA, FCA, alhydrogel and MDP promoted the primary response to 50 microgram of BSA, and FIA was significantly superior to FCA. Immunological memory to a low dose (0.5 microgram) of BSA, which did not evoke a primary response with any adjuvant, was potentiated by alhydrogel and by MDP and, relatively poorly, by FIA. Radioimmunoelectrophoresis showed that potentiation of the response with MDP was confined to IgG1, whereas alhydrogel, FIA and FCA stimulated both IgG1 and IgG2. Saponin was outstandingly the best adjuvant for both primary and secondary haemagglutinin responses to SRBC. Of the others, alhydrogel for the primary, and alhydrogel and B. pertussis for the secondary were active to a lesser degree. The results show that the relative potency of adjuvants differs markedly according to the antigen used, and suggest that saponin may be a particularly effective adjuvant for antigens in cell membranes.
对七种公认的佐剂进行了比较，包括弗氏不完全佐剂和完全佐剂、氢氧化铝凝胶、短小棒状杆菌、百日咳博德特氏菌、胞壁酰二肽和皂苷，这些佐剂与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）或绵羊红细胞（SRBC）通过皮下免疫途径给药。结果显示，针对这两种抗原，佐剂具有很强的选择性以及效力差异。只有弗氏不完全佐剂（FIA）、弗氏完全佐剂（FCA）、氢氧化铝凝胶和胞壁酰二肽能促进对50微克牛血清白蛋白的初次反应，且FIA显著优于FCA。对于低剂量（0.5微克）的牛血清白蛋白，任何佐剂都无法引发初次反应，但氢氧化铝凝胶和胞壁酰二肽能增强其免疫记忆，FIA的增强效果相对较差。放射免疫电泳显示，胞壁酰二肽对反应的增强作用仅限于IgG1，而氢氧化铝凝胶、FIA和FCA则同时刺激IgG1和IgG2。皂苷是对SRBC初次和二次血凝素反应的最佳佐剂。在其他佐剂中，氢氧化铝凝胶对初次反应有一定作用，氢氧化铝凝胶和百日咳博德特氏菌对二次反应有较小程度的作用。结果表明，佐剂的相对效力因所用抗原的不同而有显著差异，这表明皂苷可能是细胞膜抗原的一种特别有效的佐剂。
