Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Periodontol. 2017 Aug;88(8):e140-e149. doi: 10.1902/jop.2017.170081. Epub 2017 May 5.
Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1 and interleukin (IL)-34 are macrophage growth factors and regulators of osteoclastogenesis. Their potential involvement in periodontal disease is yet unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the presence of CSF-1 and IL-34 in whole saliva in relation to periodontal disease.
Protocol validation was assessed in saliva of healthy donors (n = 21) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Salivary CSF-1, IL-34, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, a biomarker candidate of periodontitis, were determined in 48 patients (29 patients with periodontitis, 12 with gingivitis, and seven healthy patients) and related to the following clinical periodontal parameters: bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and plaque index. An additional separate group of patients with gingivitis (n = 21) and some of the patients with periodontitis (n = 11) were subjected to non-surgical periodontal treatment, whereupon changes in salivary CSF-1, IL-34, and MMP-8 levels were determined and related to periodontal outcome.
Patients with periodontitis displayed higher CSF-1 and MMP-8 levels in saliva compared with healthy patients, and IL-34 levels were lower. A higher CSF-1/IL-34 ratio was observed in patients with periodontitis compared with healthy patients. There was a positive correlation between CSF-1 and MMP-8, which both correlated negatively to IL-34, in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis. Clinical periodontal parameters correlated positively with CSF-1, MMP-8, and with the CSF-1/IL-34 ratio, and negatively with IL-34 in patients with periodontitis. After treatment CSF-1 and MMP-8 levels decreased together with observed clinical improvement in patients with gingivitis.
CSF-1 and IL-34 are present in saliva and seem to have complementary roles in periodontal disease: IL-34 in steady-state and CSF-1 in inflammation.
集落刺激因子 (CSF)-1 和白细胞介素 (IL)-34 是巨噬细胞生长因子和破骨细胞生成的调节剂。它们在牙周病中的潜在作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨全唾液中 CSF-1 和 IL-34 与牙周病的关系。
通过酶联免疫吸附试验评估健康供体（n=21）唾液中的方案验证。在 48 名患者（牙周炎 29 名、牙龈炎 12 名和健康患者 7 名）中测定唾液 CSF-1、IL-34 和基质金属蛋白酶 (MMP)-8，MMP-8 是牙周炎的生物标志物候选物，并与以下临床牙周参数相关：探诊出血、探诊深度、临床附着丧失和菌斑指数。另一组患有牙龈炎的患者（n=21）和一些患有牙周炎的患者（n=11）接受了非手术牙周治疗，随后测定唾液 CSF-1、IL-34 和 MMP-8 水平，并与牙周治疗效果相关。
与健康患者相比，牙周炎患者的唾液中 CSF-1 和 MMP-8 水平较高，而 IL-34 水平较低。与健康患者相比，牙周炎患者的 CSF-1/IL-34 比值更高。在患有牙龈炎和牙周炎的患者中，CSF-1 与 MMP-8 呈正相关，两者均与 IL-34 呈负相关。在牙周炎患者中，临床牙周参数与 CSF-1、MMP-8 和 CSF-1/IL-34 比值呈正相关，与 IL-34 呈负相关。在患有牙龈炎的患者中，治疗后 CSF-1 和 MMP-8 水平降低，同时临床改善。
CSF-1 和 IL-34 存在于唾液中，并且在牙周病中似乎具有互补作用：IL-34 在稳态中，CSF-1 在炎症中。
