Al-Hammadi Suleiman, Alsuwaidi Ahmed R, Alshamsi Eman T, Ghatasheh Ghassan A, Souid Abdul-Kader
Department of Pediatrics, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
BMC Res Notes. 2017 May 5;10(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2499-7.
The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) preparations are live-attenuated derivatives of Mycobacterium bovis. These products are used to vaccinate infants at birth, a practice that may result in a disseminated infection in those patients who have an unidentified immunodeficiency.
Patients who were immunized at birth with BCG and who developed a disseminated infection are reported here to emphasize the importance of taking an extensive medical history before giving the BCG vaccine. Patient 1 has a sibling who had familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Patient 2 has a severe immunodeficiency with profound lymphopenia. Patient 3 has a sibling who had a disseminated BCG infection. Patient 4 has two siblings with an immunodeficiency disorder; one sibling passed away in infancy and one is receiving regular immunoglobulin infusions. Patient 5 has profound lymphopenia and his brother had cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis and passed away in infancy.
These unfortunate events could have been avoided by compiling the relevant clinical and laboratory information. These cases also underscore the importance of a strict adherence to the BCG vaccine policies. Local and international registries that estimate the birth prevalence of primary immune deficiencies are needed prior to implementing universal BCG vaccination administration.
卡介苗（BCG）制剂是牛分枝杆菌的减毒活衍生物。这些产品用于给婴儿出生时接种疫苗，这种做法可能会在那些存在未确诊免疫缺陷的患者中导致播散性感染。
本文报告了出生时接种卡介苗并发生播散性感染的患者，以强调在接种卡介苗之前详细询问病史的重要性。患者1有一个患家族性噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增生症的兄弟姐妹。患者2有严重免疫缺陷伴严重淋巴细胞减少。患者3有一个患播散性卡介苗感染的兄弟姐妹。患者4有两个患免疫缺陷疾病的兄弟姐妹；一个在婴儿期去世，另一个接受定期免疫球蛋白输注。患者5有严重淋巴细胞减少，其兄弟患巨细胞病毒（CMV）肺炎并在婴儿期去世。
通过收集相关临床和实验室信息，这些不幸事件本可避免。这些病例还强调了严格遵守卡介苗疫苗政策的重要性。在实施普遍的卡介苗接种之前，需要有估计原发性免疫缺陷出生患病率的地方和国际登记处。
