Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Vesna Gantner, Kralja Petra Svačića 1d, 31000, Osijek, Croatia.
, Inagra Ltd, Biljska cesta 27, 31000, Osijek, Croatia.
Int J Biometeorol. 2017 Sep;61(9):1675-1685. doi: 10.1007/s00484-017-1348-7. Epub 2017 May 6.
The climatic conditions in Croatia are deteriorating which significantly increases the frequency of heat stress. This creates a need for an adequate dairy farming strategy. The impact of heat stress can be reduced in many ways, but the best long-term solution includes the genetic evaluation and selection for heat stress resistance. In order to create the basis for genetic evaluation, this research determined the variation in daily milk yield (DMY) and somatic cell count (SCC) as well as the differences in resistance to heat stress due to production level (high, low) and breed (Holstein, Simmental) of dairy cattle breed in Croatia. For statistical analysis, 1,070,554 test-day records from 70,135 Holsteins reared on 5679 farms and 1,300,683 test-day records from 86,013 Simmentals reared on 8827 farms in Croatia provided by the Croatian Agricultural Agency were used. The results of this research indicate that the high-producing cows are much more susceptible to heat stress than low-producing especially Holsteins. Also, the results of this research indicate that Simmental breed, in terms of daily milk production and somatic cell count, could be more resistant to heat stress than Holstein. The following research should determine whether Simmentals are genetically more appropriate for the challenges that are in store for the future milk production in this region. Furthermore, could an adequate production level be achieved with Simmentals by maintaining the heat resistance?
克罗地亚的气候条件正在恶化，这大大增加了热应激的频率。这就需要制定一个适当的奶牛养殖策略。可以通过多种方式来减轻热应激的影响，但最好的长期解决方案包括对耐热性进行基因评估和选择。为了为基因评估创造基础，本研究确定了克罗地亚奶牛品种的产奶量（DMY）和体细胞计数（SCC）的日变化以及因生产水平（高、低）和品种（荷斯坦、西门塔尔）而产生的耐热性差异。为了进行统计分析，使用了克罗地亚农业机构提供的来自 5679 个农场的 70135 头荷斯坦奶牛和来自 8827 个农场的 86013 头西门塔尔奶牛的 1070554 个测试日记录和 1300683 个测试日记录。研究结果表明，高生产奶牛比低生产奶牛（尤其是荷斯坦奶牛）更容易受到热应激的影响。此外，研究结果表明，西门塔尔品种在产奶量和体细胞计数方面，可能比荷斯坦品种更能耐受热应激。未来的研究应确定西门塔尔品种在遗传上是否更适合该地区未来的牛奶生产所面临的挑战。此外，通过保持耐热性，是否可以用西门塔尔品种实现适当的生产水平？
