Wu Yan, Zhou Yihui, Qiu Yanling, Chen Da, Zhu Zhiliang, Zhao Jianfu, Bergman Ǻke
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, -10691, Stockholm, SE, Sweden.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jun;24(17):14847-14856. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9069-3. Epub 2017 May 5.
The present study measured concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, and Pb in surface sediments and two benthic invertebrate species (Anodonta woodiana and Bellamya aeruginosa) collected from Dianshan Lake, located in the Yangtze River Delta. The Dianshan Lake acts as one of the most important drinking water sources to Shanghai, the biggest city in China. Concentrations of trace metals and metalloids ranged from 0.04 mg/kg for Cd to 288.0 mg/kg for Zn. Substantial bioaccumulation in invertebrates was observed for Zn and Cu based on the biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) measurements. The results revealed that concentrations of metals and metalloids in sediments from Dianshan Lake were at the lower end of the range of levels found in other regions of China. The assessment of three significantly inter-related evaluation indices, including the geo-accumulation Index (I), potential ecological risk factor (Er), and mean probable effect concentration quotients (Q), suggested that sediment-associated trace elements exhibited no considerable ecological risks in the studied watershed. However, the target hazard quotient and hazard index analysis suggested that selected elements (particularly As) accumulation in edible tissues of benthic invertebrates could pose potential health risks to local populations, especially fishermen. Given that wild aquatic organisms (e.g., fish and bivalves) constitute the diet of local populations as popular food/protein choices, further investigations are needed to better elucidate human health risks from metal and metalloid exposure via edible freshwater organisms.
本研究测定了从位于长江三角洲的淀山湖采集的表层沉积物以及两种底栖无脊椎动物（背角无齿蚌和铜锈环棱螺）中铬、镍、铜、锌、砷、镉、锑和铅的浓度。淀山湖是中国最大城市上海最重要的饮用水源之一。痕量金属和类金属的浓度范围为镉0.04毫克/千克至锌288.0毫克/千克。根据生物群 - 沉积物积累因子（BSAF）测量结果，观察到无脊椎动物体内锌和铜有大量生物累积。结果表明，淀山湖沉积物中金属和类金属的浓度处于中国其他地区发现的水平范围的下限。对三个显著相关的评价指标进行评估，包括地累积指数（I）、潜在生态风险因子（Er）和平均可能效应浓度商（Q），结果表明，研究流域中与沉积物相关的痕量元素没有表现出相当大的生态风险。然而，目标危害商和危害指数分析表明，底栖无脊椎动物可食用组织中选定元素（特别是砷）的积累可能对当地居民，尤其是渔民构成潜在健康风险。鉴于野生水生生物（如鱼类和双壳贝类）作为当地居民受欢迎的食物/蛋白质选择构成了他们的饮食，需要进一步调查以更好地阐明通过食用淡水生物接触金属和类金属对人类健康的风险。
