年轻女性体重管理的动机与障碍——一项以公共卫生为重点的定性研究——特罗姆瑟研究：健康未来
Motivation and obstacles for weight management among young women - a qualitative study with a public health focus - the Tromsø study: Fit Futures.
作者信息
Sand Anne-Sofie, Emaus Nina, Lian Olaug S
机构信息
Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2017 May 8;17(1):417. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4321-9.
BACKGROUND
Due to a worldwide increase in overweight and obesity, weight-management through lifestyle changes has become an important public health issue. Adolescents and young adults comprise a vulnerable group. The transition into adulthood represents a stage in life when establishing good lifestyle habits for the future is important. The aim of this study was to explore motivation and obstacles for weight reduction, weight maintenance and healthy lifestyle choices in young women.
METHODS
We conducted semi-structured in depth interviews with 12 young women, both overweight and normal weight, recruited from a school-based population survey. By the use of thematic analysis we searched the interview text for relevant meaning units that emerged as topics that illuminated our research questions.
RESULTS
A strong motivation for obtaining or keeping normal weight was clearly present among the participants. Independent of weight-group, the participants described increased levels of physical activity, better eating habits and regularity in daily life as desirable changes. Parents were described as important influencers regarding lifestyle habits. Several participants expressed a need for more information about healthy nutrition and eating. Their motivation for physical activity depended on a positive social setting and elements of joy. The participants described the transition into adulthood including moving out of their parents' home and other structural changes in everyday life, as challenging. It affected their food choices and eating habits and other lifestyle issues. High costs of healthy food and sports activities were frequently mentioned among the obstacles they encountered.
CONCLUSION
The results revealed an obvious motivation for lifestyle changes in individuals and environmental challenges for young women in the relevant stage of their life-course. There seems to be a need for health strategies that strengthens individuals' capacity to overcome the environmental challenges in the transition to adulthood. This should include reliable and accessible health education/information regarding healthy nutrition, eating habits, food choices and preparation of meals. Structural initiatives such as easier access to affordable healthy food and less expensive opportunities for physical activity and sports should be considered.
背景
由于全球超重和肥胖人数增加，通过改变生活方式进行体重管理已成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。青少年和青年成年人构成了一个弱势群体。步入成年是人生中的一个阶段，此时为未来建立良好的生活习惯很重要。本研究的目的是探讨年轻女性在减重、维持体重和选择健康生活方式方面的动机和障碍。
方法
我们对从一项基于学校的人口调查中招募的12名年轻女性进行了半结构化深度访谈，这些女性包括超重和体重正常者。通过主题分析，我们在访谈文本中搜索相关的意义单元，这些单元作为阐明我们研究问题的主题出现。
结果
参与者中显然存在着获得或保持正常体重的强烈动机。无论体重组如何，参与者都将增加身体活动水平、改善饮食习惯和日常生活规律视为理想的改变。父母被描述为生活习惯方面的重要影响因素。几名参与者表示需要更多关于健康营养和饮食的信息。她们进行体育活动的动机取决于积极的社交环境和乐趣元素。参与者将步入成年，包括搬出父母家以及日常生活中的其他结构变化，描述为具有挑战性。这影响了她们的食物选择、饮食习惯和其他生活方式问题。她们遇到的障碍中经常提到健康食品和体育活动的高成本。
结论
结果揭示了个体改变生活方式的明显动机以及年轻女性在其生命历程相关阶段所面临的环境挑战。似乎需要健康策略来增强个体在向成年过渡过程中克服环境挑战的能力。这应包括关于健康营养、饮食习惯、食物选择和膳食准备的可靠且易于获取的健康教育/信息。应考虑采取结构性举措，例如更方便地获得价格合理的健康食品以及提供更便宜的体育活动和运动机会。
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