Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University.
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.
J Atheroscler Thromb. 2017 Dec 1;24(12):1206-1214. doi: 10.5551/jat.39164. Epub 2017 May 9.
Many cohort studies have shown that increased trans fatty acid (TFA) intake increases the risk of developing coronary heart disease. However, whether TFA intake is directly associated with the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown.
We performed the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test in two Japanese cohorts: a cohort of 454 native Japanese living in Hiroshima, Japan, and a cohort of 426 Japanese-Americans living in Los Angeles, USA, who shared identical genetic predispositions but had different lifestyles. Serum elaidic acid concentration was measured and compared, and its association with insulin resistance was assessed.
Serum elaidic acid concentrations were significantly higher in the Japanese-Americans (median, 18.2 µmol/L) than in the native Japanese (median, 11.0 µmol/L). The serum elaidic acid concentrations in the native Japanese DM group (16.0 µmol/L) were significantly higher compared with those in the normal glucose tolerance (10.8 µmol/L) and impaired glucose tolerance (11.7 µmol/L) groups. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that serum elaidic acid concentrations were significantly positively associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values after adjusting for various factors.
These results suggest that excessive TFA intake worsens insulin resistance and increases the risk of developing DM even in the native Japanese, whose intakes of animal fat and simple carbohydrates were presumed to be lower than those of the Japanese-Americans.
许多队列研究表明，反式脂肪酸（TFA）摄入增加会增加患冠心病的风险。然而，TFA 摄入是否与糖尿病（DM）的发展直接相关尚不清楚。
我们在两个日本队列中进行了 75g 口服葡萄糖耐量试验：一个队列是居住在日本广岛的 454 名土生土长的日本人，另一个队列是居住在洛杉矶的 426 名日裔美国人，他们具有相同的遗传易感性，但生活方式不同。测量并比较了血清反油酸浓度，并评估了其与胰岛素抵抗的关系。
日裔美国人的血清反油酸浓度明显高于日本人（中位数 18.2μmol/L）。与正常糖耐量（10.8μmol/L）和糖耐量受损（11.7μmol/L）组相比，日本人 DM 组的血清反油酸浓度（16.0μmol/L）明显更高。多元线性回归分析表明，在调整了各种因素后，血清反油酸浓度与稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）值呈显著正相关。
这些结果表明，即使在日本人中，过量的 TFA 摄入也会加重胰岛素抵抗，增加患糖尿病的风险，日本人的动物脂肪和简单碳水化合物摄入量被认为低于日裔美国人。
