Barisic Tatjana, Mandic Vjekoslav, Barac Ivana
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Ministry of health of FBiH, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Mater Sociomed. 2017 Mar;29(1):52-57. doi: 10.5455/msm.2017.29.52-57.
Obesity is one of the greatest health problems in the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined obesity as a disease in which the excess of adipose tissue accumulates in such a degree that is endangers health. Obesity is a very complex multifactor disease that is developed under the influence of genetic and metabolic factors, environment, social and cultural environment as well as bad habits. The causes of obesity can be numerous. The most common source of obesity is the development of energetic imbalance.
A retrospective study of medical records in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital in Mostar was conducted. It included 1300 pregnant women and their children that were delivered in the time period from January 1 2015 to December 31 2015. It was conducted a retrospective study which involved 1300 pregnant women who gave births in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of University Clinical Hospital in Mostar in the period from January 1 2015 to December 31 2015 and their newborns.
The difference in age of pregnant women with different body mass index was not statistically relevant. The average age of pregnant women with normal body mass was 29.52 ± 5.48, overweight pregnant women 30.30 ± 5.138, and obese pregnant women 30.00 ± 5.103 (F = 2.730; p = 0.066). The youngest was 24, and the oldest was 49 years old. The average gestational age at delivery was 39.23 ± 1.556 (min 28; max. 42 weeks of gestation). The majority of pregnant women; 660 of them (50.8 %), were overweight in the early stages of their pregnancy, there were 322 (24.8 %) obese women, and there were 318 (24.5 %) normal weight women. At the end of the pregnancy, the highest number was that of obese pregnant women 925 (71.2 %), while 328 (25.2 %) pregnant women were overweight, and only 47 (3.6 %) pregnant women had normal weight.
Nutritive status and weight gain of a mother during pregnancy are an important indication of her health and of the foetus growth. Overweightness and obesity of a mother before pregnancy and during pregnancy has a negative influence on the health of the mother and infant. Moreover, it is linked with risk and a negative pregnancy outcome. BMI was associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcome.
肥胖是全球最严重的健康问题之一。世界卫生组织（WHO）将肥胖定义为一种疾病，即脂肪组织过度积累，达到危害健康的程度。肥胖是一种非常复杂的多因素疾病，在遗传和代谢因素、环境、社会文化环境以及不良习惯的影响下发展而来。肥胖的成因可能多种多样。最常见的肥胖根源是能量失衡的出现。
对莫斯塔尔大学临床医院妇产科的病历进行了回顾性研究。研究对象包括2015年1月1日至2015年12月31日期间分娩的1300名孕妇及其子女。对2015年1月1日至2015年12月31日期间在莫斯塔尔大学临床医院妇产科分娩的1300名孕妇及其新生儿进行了回顾性研究。
不同体重指数的孕妇年龄差异无统计学意义。体重正常的孕妇平均年龄为29.52±5.48岁，超重孕妇为30.30±5.138岁，肥胖孕妇为30.00±5.103岁（F = 2.730；p = 0.066）。最年轻的24岁，最年长的49岁。分娩时的平均孕周为39.23±1.556（最短28周；最长42周妊娠）。大多数孕妇；其中660名（50.8%）在妊娠早期超重，322名（24.8%）为肥胖女性，318名（24.5%）为体重正常女性。妊娠末期，肥胖孕妇数量最多，为925名（71.2%），而超重孕妇为328名（25.2%），体重正常的孕妇仅47名（3.6%）。
母亲孕期的营养状况和体重增加是其自身健康及胎儿生长的重要指标。母亲孕前及孕期超重和肥胖对母婴健康有负面影响。此外，还与风险及不良妊娠结局相关。体重指数与不良围产期结局风险增加有关。
