Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China.
Biomacromolecules. 2017 Jun 12;18(6):1677-1696. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00424. Epub 2017 May 16.
Nanomaterials, including gold, silver, and magnetic nanoparticles, carbon, and mesoporous materials, possess unique physiochemical and biological properties, thus offering promising applications in biomedicine, such as in drug delivery, biosensing, molecular imaging, and therapy. Recent advances in nanotechnology have improved the features and properties of nanomaterials. However, these nanomaterials are potentially cytotoxic and demonstrate a lack of cell-specific function. Thus, they have been functionalized with various polymers, especially polysaccharides, to reduce toxicity and improve biocompatibility and stability under physiological conditions. In particular, nanomaterials have been widely functionalized with hyaluronan (HA) to enhance their distribution in specific cells and tissues. This review highlights the most recent advances on HA-functionalized nanomaterials for biotechnological and biomedical applications, as nanocarriers in drug delivery, contrast agents in molecular imaging, and diagnostic agents in cancer therapy. A critical evaluation of barriers affecting the use of HA-functionalized nanomaterials is also discussed, and insights into the outlook of the field are explored.
纳米材料，包括金、银和磁性纳米粒子、碳和中孔材料，具有独特的物理化学和生物特性，因此在生物医药领域有很好的应用前景，如药物输送、生物传感、分子成像和治疗。纳米技术的最新进展改善了纳米材料的特性和性能。然而，这些纳米材料具有潜在的细胞毒性，并且缺乏细胞特异性功能。因此，它们已经用各种聚合物，特别是多糖进行了功能化，以降低毒性，提高在生理条件下的生物相容性和稳定性。特别是，纳米材料已经被广泛地用透明质酸（HA）进行功能化，以增强它们在特定细胞和组织中的分布。这篇综述强调了透明质酸功能化纳米材料在生物技术和生物医学应用方面的最新进展，如药物输送中的纳米载体、分子成像中的对比剂和癌症治疗中的诊断剂。还讨论了影响透明质酸功能化纳米材料应用的障碍的批判性评估，并探讨了该领域的前景。
