Sen Abhishek, Khan Indrani, Kundu Debajyoti, Das Kousik, Datta Jayanta Kumar
Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713 104, India.
Department of Environmental Studies, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530 045, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Jun;189(6):262. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-5955-x. Epub 2017 May 10.
Identification of tree species that can biologically monitor air pollution and can endure air pollution is very much important for a sustainable green belt development around any polluted place. To ascertain the species, ten tree species were selected on the basis of some previous study from the campus of the University of Burdwan and were studied in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The study has been designed to investigate biochemical and physiological activities of selected tree species as the campus is presently exposed to primary air pollutants and their impacts on plant community were observed through the changes in several physical and biochemical constituents of plant leaves. As the plant species continuously exchange different gaseous pollutants in and out of the foliar system and are very sensitive to gaseous pollutants, they serve as bioindicators. Due to air pollution, foliar surface undergoes different structural and functional changes. In the selected plant species, it was observed that the concentration of primary air pollutants, proline content, pH, relative water holding capacity, photosynthetic rate, and respiration rate were higher in the pre-monsoon than the post-monsoon season, whereas the total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, sugar, and conductivity were higher in the post-monsoon season. From the entire study, it was observed that the concentration of sulfur oxide (SO ), nitrogen oxide (NO ), and suspended particulate matter (SPM) all are reduced in the post-monsoon season than the pre-monsoon season. In the pre-monsoon season, SO , NO , and SPM do not have any significant correlation with biochemical as well as physiological parameters. SPM shows a negative relationship with chlorophyll 'a' (r = -0.288), chlorophyll 'b' (r = -0.267), and total chlorophyll (r = -0.238). Similarly, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the total chlorophyll show negative relations with SO and NO (p < 0.005) during the post-monsoon season. Proline shows a positive relationship with SO in the pre-monsoon season whereas in the post-monsoon season proline content shows a positive relationship with both SO and NO . The present study facilitates to screen eight sensitive and two moderately tolerant tree species according to their air pollution tolerance index (APTI) values.
识别能够对空气污染进行生物监测且能耐受空气污染的树种，对于在任何受污染地区周边进行可持续的绿化带建设都非常重要。为了确定这些树种，根据之前的一些研究，从伯德万大学的校园中挑选了10种树种，并在季风前和季风后季节进行研究。该研究旨在调查所选树种的生化和生理活动，因为该校园目前受到主要空气污染物的影响，并且通过植物叶片中几种物理和生化成分的变化来观察其对植物群落的影响。由于植物物种不断地在叶系统内外交换不同的气态污染物，并且对气态污染物非常敏感，它们可作为生物指示物。由于空气污染，叶表面会发生不同的结构和功能变化。在所选植物物种中，观察到主要空气污染物的浓度、脯氨酸含量、pH值、相对持水量、光合速率和呼吸速率在季风前高于季风后季节，而总叶绿素、抗坏血酸、糖和电导率在季风后季节较高。从整个研究中可以看出，季风后季节的氧化硫（SO ）、氮氧化物（NO ）和悬浮颗粒物（SPM）浓度均低于季风前季节。在季风前季节，SO 、NO 和SPM与生化及生理参数均无显著相关性。SPM与叶绿素“a”（r = -0.288）、叶绿素“b”（r = -0.267）和总叶绿素（r = -0.238）呈负相关。同样，在季风后季节，叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素与SO 和NO 呈负相关（p < 0.005）。脯氨酸在季风前季节与SO 呈正相关，而在季风后季节，脯氨酸含量与SO 和NO 均呈正相关。本研究有助于根据其空气污染耐受指数（APTI）值筛选出8种敏感树种和2种中等耐受树种。
