Miller Matthew James, McGuire Kerry M, Feigh Karen M
Cognitive Engineering Center, Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology.
Habitability and Human Factors Branch, NASA Johnson Spaceflight Center.
J Cogn Eng Decis Mak. 2017 Jun;11(2):136-165. doi: 10.1177/1555343416672112. Epub 2016 Oct 17.
The design and adoption of decision support systems within complex work domains is a challenge for cognitive systems engineering (CSE) practitioners, particularly at the onset of project development. This article presents an example of applying CSE techniques to derive design requirements compatible with traditional systems engineering to guide decision support system development. Specifically, it demonstrates the requirements derivation process based on cognitive work analysis for a subset of human spaceflight operations known as . The results are presented in two phases. First, a work domain analysis revealed a comprehensive set of work functions and constraints that exist in the extravehicular activity work domain. Second, a control task analysis was performed on a subset of the work functions identified by the work domain analysis to articulate the translation of subject matter states of knowledge to high-level decision support system requirements. This work emphasizes an incremental requirements specification process as a critical component of CSE analyses to better situate CSE perspectives within the early phases of traditional systems engineering design.
在复杂工作领域中设计和采用决策支持系统，对认知系统工程（CSE）从业者来说是一项挑战，尤其是在项目开发初期。本文给出了一个应用CSE技术来推导与传统系统工程兼容的设计需求，以指导决策支持系统开发的示例。具体而言，它展示了基于认知工作分析的需求推导过程，该分析针对人类太空飞行操作的一个子集，即舱外活动。结果分两个阶段呈现。首先，工作领域分析揭示了舱外活动工作领域中存在的一套全面的工作功能和约束条件。其次，对工作领域分析确定的部分工作功能进行了控制任务分析，以阐明将知识主题状态转化为高级决策支持系统需求的过程。这项工作强调将增量需求规范过程作为CSE分析的关键组成部分，以便在传统系统工程设计的早期阶段更好地定位CSE视角。
