Taljanovic Mihra S, Gimber Lana H, Becker Giles W, Latt L Daniel, Klauser Andrea S, Melville David M, Gao Liang, Witte Russell S
From the Departments of Medical Imaging (M.S.T., L.H.G., D.M.M., R.S.W.) and Orthopaedic Surgery (G.W.B., L.D.L.), University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N Campbell Ave, PO Box 245067, Tucson, AZ 85724; Department of Radiology, Section of Rheumatology and Sports Imaging, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (A.S.K.); and College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz (L.G.).
Radiographics. 2017 May-Jun;37(3):855-870. doi: 10.1148/rg.2017160116.
In the past 2 decades, sonoelastography has been progressively used as a tool to help evaluate soft-tissue elasticity and add to information obtained with conventional gray-scale and Doppler ultrasonographic techniques. Recently introduced on clinical scanners, shear-wave elastography (SWE) is considered to be more objective, quantitative, and reproducible than compression sonoelastography with increasing applications to the musculoskeletal system. SWE uses an acoustic radiation force pulse sequence to generate shear waves, which propagate perpendicular to the ultrasound beam, causing transient displacements. The distribution of shear-wave velocities at each pixel is directly related to the shear modulus, an absolute measure of the tissue's elastic properties. Shear-wave images are automatically coregistered with standard B-mode images to provide quantitative color elastograms with anatomic specificity. Shear waves propagate faster through stiffer contracted tissue, as well as along the long axis of tendon and muscle. SWE has a promising role in determining the severity of disease and treatment follow-up of various musculoskeletal tissues including tendons, muscles, nerves, and ligaments. This article describes the basic ultrasound physics of SWE and its applications in the evaluation of various traumatic and pathologic conditions of the musculoskeletal system. RSNA, 2017.
在过去20年中，超声弹性成像已逐渐被用作一种工具，以帮助评估软组织弹性，并补充通过传统灰阶和多普勒超声技术获得的信息。剪切波弹性成像（SWE）最近被引入临床扫描仪，随着其在肌肉骨骼系统中的应用不断增加，它被认为比压迫性超声弹性成像更客观、定量且可重复。SWE使用声辐射力脉冲序列来产生剪切波，这些剪切波垂直于超声束传播，引起瞬时位移。每个像素处的剪切波速度分布与剪切模量直接相关，剪切模量是组织弹性特性的一种绝对度量。剪切波图像会自动与标准B模式图像配准，以提供具有解剖特异性的定量彩色弹性图。剪切波在较硬的收缩组织中传播得更快，也沿着肌腱和肌肉的长轴传播。SWE在确定包括肌腱、肌肉、神经和韧带在内的各种肌肉骨骼组织的疾病严重程度和治疗随访方面具有广阔前景。本文描述了SWE的基本超声物理学原理及其在评估肌肉骨骼系统各种创伤和病理状况中的应用。RSNA，2017年。
