Malmuthuge Nilusha, Guan Le Luo
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5 Canada.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5 Canada.
J Dairy Sci. 2017 Jul;100(7):5996-6005. doi: 10.3168/jds.2016-12239. Epub 2017 May 10.
Early gut microbiota plays a vital role in the long-term health of the host. However, understanding of these microbiota is very limited in livestock species, especially in dairy calves. Neonatal calves are highly susceptible to enteric infections, one of the major causes of calf death, so approaches to improving gut health and overall calf health are needed. An increasing number of studies are exploring the microbial composition of the gut, the mucosal immune system, and early dietary interventions to improve the health of dairy calves, revealing possibilities for effectively reducing the susceptibility of calves to enteric infections while promoting growth. Still, comprehensive understanding of the effect of dietary interventions on gut microbiota-one of the key aspects of gut health-is lacking. Such knowledge may provide in-depth understanding of the mechanisms behind functional changes in response to dietary interventions. Understanding of host-microbial interactions with dietary interventions and the role of the gut microbiota during pathogenesis at the site of infection in early life is vital for designing effective tools and techniques to improve calf gut health.
早期肠道微生物群对宿主的长期健康起着至关重要的作用。然而，我们对家畜物种中这些微生物群的了解非常有限，尤其是在奶牛犊牛中。新生犊牛极易感染肠道疾病，这是犊牛死亡的主要原因之一，因此需要采取方法来改善肠道健康和犊牛整体健康状况。越来越多的研究正在探索肠道的微生物组成、黏膜免疫系统以及早期饮食干预措施，以改善奶牛犊牛的健康状况，这揭示了在促进生长的同时有效降低犊牛对肠道感染易感性的可能性。尽管如此，我们仍缺乏对饮食干预对肠道微生物群（肠道健康的关键方面之一）影响的全面了解。此类知识可能有助于深入了解饮食干预后功能变化背后的机制。了解宿主与微生物在饮食干预下的相互作用以及早期生命中感染部位发病过程中肠道微生物群的作用，对于设计改善犊牛肠道健康的有效工具和技术至关重要。
