Sánchez-Molina Joaquín, Robles-Pérez José J, Clemente-Suárez Vicente J
Department of Sport Science, European University of Madrid, Tajo street s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
Studies Centre in Applied Combat (CESCA), Toledo, Spain.
J Med Syst. 2017 Jun;41(6):99. doi: 10.1007/s10916-017-0749-9. Epub 2017 May 13.
The study of organic and psychological response during combat situations has been poorly reported despite its importance for soldiers training and specific instruction, so it was proposed as aim of the present investigation to analyze the effect of a tactical parachute simulated jump in psycho-physiological response of paratroopers' warfighters during an urban combat simulation. 19 male paratroopers (31.9 ± 6.2 year old; 173.6 ± 5.3 cm; 73.8 ± 8.3 Kg) of the Spanish Army were divided in two groups: parachute jump group (n:11) that conducted a simulated parachute jump and a urban combat maneuver and a non-parachute jump group (n:8) that only conducted an urban combat maneuver. We analyzed before and after the maneuver the rated perceived exertion, legs strength manifestation, blood lactate, cortical activation, heart rate variability, blood oxygen saturation and pressure, skin temperature, fine motor skills, and anxiety state. A tactical parachute simulated jump prior to an urban combat maneuver produce significantly (p < 0.05) higher heart rate and decrease in specific fine motor skills in comparison with no jump situation in professional Army paratroopers. Independently of the parachute jump, an urban combat maneuver produces a significant increase in rated perceived exertion, blood lactate, heart rate, legs strength, sympathetic modulation and anxiety response as well as a significant decrease in blood oxygen saturation and parasympathetic modulation.
尽管对战斗情况下的机体和心理反应的研究对士兵训练和特定指导很重要，但相关报道却很少。因此，本研究的目的是分析在城市战斗模拟中，战术降落伞模拟跳伞对伞兵作战人员心理生理反应的影响。19名西班牙陆军男性伞兵（年龄31.9±6.2岁；身高173.6±5.3厘米；体重73.8±8.3千克）被分为两组：跳伞组（n = 11），进行模拟跳伞和城市战斗演习；非跳伞组（n = 8），只进行城市战斗演习。我们在演习前后分析了主观用力程度、腿部力量表现、血乳酸、皮质激活、心率变异性、血氧饱和度和血压、皮肤温度、精细运动技能以及焦虑状态。与未跳伞的情况相比，在城市战斗演习前进行战术降落伞模拟跳伞会使职业陆军伞兵的心率显著升高（p < 0.05），并导致特定精细运动技能下降。无论是否跳伞，城市战斗演习都会使主观用力程度、血乳酸、心率、腿部力量、交感神经调节和焦虑反应显著增加，同时使血氧饱和度和副交感神经调节显著降低。
