Pai Anita K, Fox Victor L
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Jun;64(3):543-561. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.014.
There is a broad clinical spectrum of gastrointestinal bleeding in children, ranging from subtle laboratory findings to dramatic clinical presentations. This review provides a framework for the evaluation and management of gastrointestinal hemorrhage for pediatricians. It outlines strategies for obtaining a tailored patient history and conducting a thorough physical examination that can shed light on the location, severity, and likely etiology of bleeding. It appraises blood tests, radiologic tools, and endoscopic modalities frequently used to identify and control a source of bleeding.
儿童胃肠道出血的临床症状范围广泛，从细微的实验室检查结果到严重的临床表现都有。本综述为儿科医生提供了一个评估和管理小儿胃肠道出血的框架。它概述了获取个性化患者病史和进行全面体格检查的策略，这些检查能够揭示出血的部位、严重程度和可能的病因。它还评估了常用于识别和控制出血源的血液检查、放射学检查工具和内镜检查方法。
