Selvakumar Praveen Kumar Conjeevaram, Kabbany Mohammad Nasser, Nobili Valerio, Alkhouri Naim
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Liver Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Jun;64(3):659-675. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.008.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and has become the most common form of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. The histologic spectrum of NAFLD is broad ranging, from the relatively benign form of simple steatosis to the aggressive form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, eventually leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. NAFLD has also been recognized as an independent risk factor for extrahepatic complications, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, sleep disorders, and osteoporosis. In this review, we discuss both the hepatic and extrahepatic complications of NAFLD in children.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）被认为是代谢综合征的肝脏表现，已成为儿童和青少年中最常见的慢性肝病形式。NAFLD的组织学谱范围广泛，从相对良性的单纯性脂肪变性形式到侵袭性的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎形式，最终导致纤维化和肝硬化。NAFLD也被认为是肝外并发症的独立危险因素，如心血管疾病、2型糖尿病、睡眠障碍和骨质疏松症。在本综述中，我们讨论了儿童NAFLD的肝脏和肝外并发症。
