Sica Claudio, Perkins Emily R, Latzman Robert D, Caudek Corrado, Colpizzi Ilaria, Bottesi Gioia, Caruso Maria, Giulini Paolo, Cerea Silvia, Patrick Christopher J
Department of Health Sciences, Psychology Section, University of Firenze, Via San Salvi, 12 Firenze, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call St., Tallahassee, FL, United States.
Pers Individ Dif. 2021 Jul;176:110770. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110770. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
This study extended recent research showing that perceptions of disease risk are associated with emotional well-being during COVID-19 by examining how psychopathic traits of boldness, meanness, and disinhibition influence these perceptions and psychological outcomes. During the Italian national lockdown, a large community sample ( = 31.3 years) completed online questionnaire measures of the triarchic psychopathic traits, perceptions of disease susceptibility and danger, and recent well-being. Path analyses revealed differing roles for the triarchic traits: boldness and meanness predicted greater well-being (lower stress, higher positive affect) and disinhibition predicted lower well-being. Further, boldness and meanness were linked to well-being through distinct indirect pathways of low perceived susceptibility to infection (boldness) and low perceived dangerousness of COVID-19 (boldness and meanness). Findings speak to the triarchic model's utility in explaining socioemotional phenomena during times of crisis and support the distinct biobehavioral conceptualizations of boldness as low threat sensitivity, meanness as low affiliative capacity, and disinhibition as deficient affective and behavioral control.
本研究扩展了近期的研究，该研究表明，通过考察大胆、卑鄙和抑制解除这些精神病态特征如何影响对疾病风险的认知以及心理结果，在新冠疫情期间，对疾病风险的认知与情绪健康相关。在意大利全国封锁期间，一个大型社区样本（平均年龄 = 31.3岁）完成了关于三元精神病态特征、对疾病易感性和危险性的认知以及近期幸福感的在线问卷调查。路径分析揭示了三元特征的不同作用：大胆和卑鄙预示着更高的幸福感（更低的压力、更高的积极情绪），而抑制解除则预示着更低的幸福感。此外，大胆和卑鄙通过对感染的低易感性（大胆）和对新冠病毒的低危险性认知（大胆和卑鄙）这两条不同的间接途径与幸福感相关联。研究结果表明三元模型在解释危机时期的社会情感现象方面具有实用性，并支持将大胆理解为低威胁敏感性、卑鄙理解为低亲和能力、抑制解除理解为情感和行为控制不足的不同生物行为概念。
