Međedović Janko
1 Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, Belgrade, Serbia.
Evol Psychol. 2017 Apr-Jun;15(2):1474704917706936. doi: 10.1177/1474704917706936.
The evolutionary status of intelligence is not clear: It is positively related to various indicators of fitness but negatively to reproductive success as the most important fitness marker. In the present research, we explored the links between intelligence and three fitness indicators: number of children (short-term reproductive success), number of grandchildren (long-term reproductive success), and age at first birth. Participants were individuals in a postreproductive stage ( N = 191; mean age = 66.5 years). Intelligence had a positive correlation with short-term reproductive success and age at first birth but a negative correlation with long-term reproductive success. Participants' education turned out to be a significant mediator of the link between intelligence and criterion measures. The results showed that intelligence can elevate short-term reproductive success. Furthermore, individuals with higher intellectual abilities tended to delay reproduction, which negatively affected their long-term reproductive success. Education was revealed as a very important resource which affects the link between cognitive abilities and fitness, thus proving its evolutionary role in contemporary populations.
它与各种适应性指标呈正相关，但与作为最重要适应性标志的生殖成功率呈负相关。在本研究中，我们探讨了智力与三个适应性指标之间的联系：子女数量（短期生殖成功率）、孙辈数量（长期生殖成功率）和初育年龄。参与者为处于生殖后期的个体（N = 191；平均年龄 = 66.5岁）。智力与短期生殖成功率和初育年龄呈正相关，但与长期生殖成功率呈负相关。结果表明，参与者的教育程度是智力与标准测量指标之间联系的一个重要中介变量。结果显示，智力能够提高短期生殖成功率。此外，智力水平较高的个体往往会推迟生育，这对他们的长期生殖成功率产生了负面影响。研究表明，教育是一种非常重要的资源，它影响着认知能力与适应性之间的联系，从而证明了其在当代人群中的进化作用。
