Pastorino Giovanni Quintavalle, Christodoulides Yiannis, Curone Giulio, Pearce-Kelly Paul, Faustini Massimo, Albertini Mariangela, Preziosi Richard, Mazzola Silvia Michela
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, Milan 20133, Italy.
The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
Animals (Basel). 2017 May 13;7(5):39. doi: 10.3390/ani7050039.
Three brown bear () individuals and two sloth bear () individuals were observed in captivity to produce behavioural profiles for each individual. Data collected through behavioural observations were used to produce activity budgets, and to identify space usage and certain aspects of social behavior. Behaviour monitoring allowed the researchers to evaluate the welfare of the animals by identifying the occurrence of stereotypic behaviours, which are sometimes associated with stress. Behavioural profiles were created using data obtained through behavioural observations (coding) and keeper questionnaires (rating). The behavioural observations indicated a number of stereotypic behaviours in sloth bears but not in brown bears. The uniformity of zone usage was calculated to investigate if the enclosure size and features were adequate for use, and a social aspect of otherwise solitary animals was also identified. The behavioural profiles generated through coding and rating were compared to determine the reliability between these two methods in Ursids. Profiles were not compared between individuals since this study is not a comparison between different personality types but rather an effort (one of the few ones existing in literature) to select a valid and reproducible methodology capable of assessing personality in bears.
在圈养环境中观察了三只棕熊（ ）个体和两只懒熊（ ）个体，为每个个体生成行为概况。通过行为观察收集的数据用于生成活动预算，并确定空间使用情况和社会行为的某些方面。行为监测使研究人员能够通过识别刻板行为的发生来评估动物的福利，刻板行为有时与压力有关。行为概况是使用通过行为观察（编码）和饲养员问卷（评分）获得的数据创建的。行为观察表明懒熊存在一些刻板行为，而棕熊没有。计算区域使用的均匀性以调查围栏大小和特征是否适合使用，并且还确定了原本独居动物的社交方面。比较通过编码和评分生成的行为概况，以确定这两种方法在熊科动物中的可靠性。由于本研究不是不同性格类型之间的比较，而是一项（文献中为数不多的之一）选择能够评估熊性格的有效且可重复方法的努力，因此没有在个体之间比较概况。
