Luo Huaiyong, Xu Zhijun, Li Zhendong, Li Xinping, Lv Jianwei, Ren Xiaoping, Huang Li, Zhou Xiaojing, Chen Yuning, Yu Jingyin, Chen Weigang, Lei Yong, Liao Boshou, Jiang Huifang
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2017 Aug;130(8):1635-1648. doi: 10.1007/s00122-017-2915-3. Epub 2017 May 15.
A total of 204,439 SSR markers were developed in diploid genomes, and 25 QTLs for shelling percentage were identified in a RIL population across 4 years including five consistent QTLs. Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important grain legume providing edible oil and protein for human nutrition. Genome sequences of its diploid ancestors, Arachis duranensis and A. ipaensis, were reported, but their SSRs have not been well exploited and utilized hitherto. Shelling percentage is an important economic trait and its improvement has been one of the major objectives in peanut breeding programs. In this study, the genome sequences of A. duranensis and A. ipaensis were used to develop SSR markers, and a mapping population (Yuanza 9102 × Xuzhou 68-4) with 195 recombinant inbred lines was used to map QTLs controlling shelling percentage. The numbers of newly developed SSR markers were 84,383 and 120,056 in the A. duranensis and A. ipaensis genomes, respectively. Genotyping of the mapping population was conducted with both newly developed and previously reported markers. QTL analysis using the phenotyping data generated in Wuhan across four consecutive years and genotyping data of 830 mapped loci identified 25 QTLs with 4.46-17.01% of phenotypic variance explained in the four environments. Meta-analysis revealed five consistent QTLs that could be detected in at least two environments. Notably, the consistent QTL cqSPA09 was detected in all four environments and explained 10.47-17.01% of the phenotypic variance. The segregation in the progeny of a residual heterozygous line confirmed that the cpSPA09 locus had additive effect in increasing shelling percentage. These consistent and major QTL regions provide opportunity not only for further gene discovery, but also for the development of functional markers for breeding.
在二倍体基因组中总共开发了204,439个SSR标记，并在一个重组自交系群体中，历经4年鉴定出25个控制出仁率的QTL，其中包括5个一致性QTL。栽培花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）是一种重要的豆类作物，为人类营养提供食用油和蛋白质。其两个二倍体祖先种Arachis duranensis和A. ipaensis的基因组序列已被报道，但迄今为止它们的SSR尚未得到充分开发和利用。出仁率是一个重要的经济性状，提高出仁率一直是花生育种计划的主要目标之一。在本研究中，利用A. duranensis和A. ipaensis的基因组序列开发SSR标记，并使用由195个重组自交系组成的作图群体（远杂9102×徐州68-4）来定位控制出仁率的QTL。在A. duranensis和A. ipaensis基因组中，新开发的SSR标记数量分别为84,383个和120,056个。利用新开发的标记和先前报道的标记对作图群体进行基因分型。使用在武汉连续四年产生的表型数据和830个定位位点的基因分型数据进行QTL分析，在四个环境中鉴定出25个QTL，其解释的表型变异为4.46%-17.01%。元分析揭示了5个在至少两个环境中都能检测到的一致性QTL。值得注意的是，一致性QTL cqSPA09在所有四个环境中均被检测到，解释的表型变异为10.47%-17.01%。一个剩余杂合系后代的分离情况证实，cpSPA09位点在提高出仁率方面具有加性效应。这些一致性和主效QTL区域不仅为进一步的基因发现提供了机会，也为育种功能标记的开发提供了机会。
