Luo Huaiyong, Guo Jianbin, Ren Xiaoping, Chen Weigang, Huang Li, Zhou Xiaojing, Chen Yuning, Liu Nian, Xiong Fei, Lei Yong, Liao Boshou, Jiang Huifang
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huanggang, 463000, China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2018 Feb;131(2):267-282. doi: 10.1007/s00122-017-3000-7. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
Co-localized intervals and candidate genes were identified for major and stable QTLs controlling pod weight and size on chromosomes A07 and A05 in an RIL population across four environments. Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important legume crops grown in > 100 countries. Hundred-pod weight (HPW) is an important yield trait in peanut, but its underlying genetic mechanism was not well studied. In this study, a mapping population (Xuhua 13 × Zhonghua 6) with 187 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for HPW together with pod length (PL) and pod width (PW) by both unconditional and conditional QTL analyses. A genetic map covering 1756.48 cM was constructed with 817 markers. Additive effects, epistatic interactions, and genotype-by-environment interactions were analyzed using the phenotyping data generated across four environments. Twelve additive QTLs were identified on chromosomes A05, A07, and A08 by unconditional analysis, and five of them (qPLA07, qPLA05.1, qPWA07, qHPWA07.1, and qHPWA05.2) showed major and stable expressions in all environments. Conditional QTL mapping found that PL had stronger influences on HPW than PW. Notably, qHPWA07.1, qPLA07, and qPWA07 that explained 17.93-43.63% of the phenotypic variations of the three traits were co-localized in a 5 cM interval (1.48 Mb in physical map) on chromosome A07 with 147 candidate genes related to catalytic activity and metabolic process. In addition, qHPWA05.2 and qPLA05.1 were co-localized with minor QTL qPWA05.2 to a 1.3 cM genetic interval (280 kb in physical map) on chromosome A05 with 12 candidate genes. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of the genetic components controlling pod weight and size as well as candidate QTLs and genes for improving pod yield in future peanut breeding.
在四个环境下的重组自交系群体中，鉴定出了在A07和A05染色体上控制荚果重量和大小的主要且稳定的数量性状位点（QTL）的共定位区间和候选基因。栽培花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）是一种重要的豆类作物，在100多个国家种植。百果重（HPW）是花生的一个重要产量性状，但其潜在的遗传机制尚未得到充分研究。在本研究中，构建了一个由187个重组自交系（RILs）组成的作图群体（Xu hua 13×Zhong hua 6），通过无条件和条件QTL分析来定位HPW以及荚果长度（PL）和荚果宽度（PW）的数量性状位点。利用817个标记构建了一个覆盖1756.48 cM的遗传图谱。使用在四个环境中产生的表型数据，分析了加性效应、上位性互作和基因型与环境互作。通过无条件分析在A05、A07和A08染色体上鉴定出12个加性QTL，其中5个（qPLA07、qPLA05.1、qPWA07、qHPWA07.1和qHPWA05.2）在所有环境中均表现出主要且稳定的表达。条件QTL定位发现，PL对HPW的影响比PW更强。值得注意的是，解释了这三个性状17.93 - 43.63%表型变异的qHPWA07.1、qPLA07和qPWA07共定位在A07染色体上一个5 cM的区间（物理图谱上为1.48 Mb）内，该区间有147个与催化活性和代谢过程相关的候选基因。此外，qHPWA05.2和qPLA05.1与微效QTL qPWA05.2共定位在A05染色体上一个1.3 cM的遗传区间（物理图谱上为280 kb）内，该区间有12个候选基因。本研究全面表征了控制荚果重量和大小的遗传成分，以及未来花生育种中用于提高荚果产量的候选QTL和基因。
