Jayaraj Rajeswari, Mohan Jagannath, Kanagasabai Adalarasu
Research Associate, School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Associate Professor, School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Mar;11(3):VE01-VE03. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/24129.9535. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
This paper presents a review on detection and treatment methods of sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is the most common type of breathing-related sleep disorder. It manifests in a variety of behaviours from teeth grinding to night terrors as involuntary night-time events. The most common sleep disorders are narcolepsy, hypersomnia, sleep talking, sleep walking, and bedwetting. Sleep apnea (somnipathy) is a serious sleep disorder that pauses breathing while sleeping. Breathing pauses occur 30 times or more during sleep and it lasts for few seconds to minutes, when normal breathing starts after this pause. Untreated sleep apnea patients stop breathing, which happens up to hundreds of times during sleep that ultimately results in atrial fibrillation, cardiac arousal, stroke, brain tumor and other vascular diseases at the age of 65 that causes death. Smokers are at a greater threat for sleep apnea. Several studies have suggested that a person who smokes more than two packs a day has 40 times the risk of sleep apnea then nonsmokers. This review includes the discussion about detection of sleep apnea from heart rate and respiratory events. The published literature of sleep apnea and methods of treatment are also discussed.
本文对睡眠呼吸暂停的检测和治疗方法进行了综述。睡眠呼吸暂停是最常见的与呼吸相关的睡眠障碍类型。它表现为从磨牙到夜惊等各种非自主夜间行为。最常见的睡眠障碍有发作性睡病、嗜睡症、说梦话、梦游和尿床。睡眠呼吸暂停（睡眠疾病）是一种严重的睡眠障碍，在睡眠时会暂停呼吸。睡眠期间呼吸暂停发生30次或更多次，每次持续几秒到几分钟，暂停后恢复正常呼吸。未经治疗的睡眠呼吸暂停患者会停止呼吸，在睡眠期间这种情况会发生数百次，最终在65岁时导致心房颤动、心脏兴奋、中风、脑肿瘤和其他血管疾病，进而导致死亡。吸烟者患睡眠呼吸暂停的风险更大。几项研究表明，每天吸烟超过两包的人患睡眠呼吸暂停的风险是非吸烟者的40倍。本综述包括关于从心率和呼吸事件检测睡眠呼吸暂停的讨论。还讨论了已发表的睡眠呼吸暂停文献和治疗方法。
