Intricate Assessment and Evaluation of Long-term Implant Success as affected by Clinicomicrobial and Salivary Diagnostics in Type II Diabetic Patients: A Longitudinal Study.

INTRODUCTION

Replacement of missing teeth by dental implants is one of the most common methods employed these days. Because of significant advancement in the design of implants and modifications in the procedure of dental implant surgery, the survival rate of the dental implants has reached up to approximately 95%. Osseointegration is one of the important factors affecting the survival of dental implants. Apart from these, the body's physiologic alterations can also predispose the dental implants for failure. Diabetes is one such metabolic disease characterized by abnormal or delayed wound healing. Hence, we assessed the clinicomicrobial and salivary profile of diabetic patients undergoing rehabilitation by dental implants.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This study included diabetic patients who underwent dental implant surgeries for prosthetic rehabilitation. Follow-up records of the patients' up to 1 year were maintained. Various clinicoradiographic and periodontal parameters were measured at various time intervals during follow-up time; 25 mL of salivary and blood sample was taken from all the subjects and was sent to the laboratories for assessment of various salivary biomarkers. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.

RESULTS

The mean level of interleukin-p at baseline time was found to be 2.38 and 2.21 in diabetic group and control group respectively. While comparing the levels of osteoprotegerin in both study groups, a significant correlation was obtained. In diabetic and control group, 62 and 61 years was the mean age of the patients respectively. No significant correlation was obtained while comparing the microbial flora of diabetic and control group.

CONCLUSION

In both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, similar microbial, salivary marker, and clinicoradiological patterns were seen.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Diabetic patients who maintain their body's metabolic rate show similar success rate of dental implants as seen in nondiabetic patients.