Felicíssimo Mônica Faria, Friche Amélia Augusta de Lima, Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza, Andrade Roseli Gomes de, Costa Dário Alves da Silva, Xavier César Coelho, Proietti Fernando Augusto, Caiaffa Waleska Teixeira
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
Faculdade da Saúde e Ecologia Humana - Vespasiano (MG), Brasil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2017 Jan-Mar;20(1):147-160. doi: 10.1590/1980-5497201700010013.
: To estimate the prevalence of disability and its association with sociodemographic and health characteristics stratified by sex.
: This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample including 4,048 residents aged ≥ 18 years in two health districts of Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil, during the period from 2008 to 2009. The outcome variable "disability" was established based on self-reported problems in body functions or structures. Sociodemographic characteristics ("sex," "age," "skin color," "marital status," "years of schooling," and "family income") and health ("reported morbidity," "health self-assessment," "quality of life," and "life satisfaction") were the explanatory variables. We applied the multivariate decision tree analysis by using the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector algorithm.
: The overall prevalence of disability corresponded to 10.4% and it was higher in females (11.9%; confidence interval - 95%CI 10.2 - 13.6) than in males (8.7%; 95%CI 6.8 - 10.5). In the multivariate analysis, "age" and "morbidity" in females, and "low educational level" and "poor health self-assessment" in males were the variables that best discriminated disability. Disability self-reporting was more frequent among women of working age (40 to 59 years-old) and with lower incomes, as well as in men with lower educational levels and incomes. With regard to health conditions, the highest disability percentages were seen among subjects of both genders that reported three or more diseases and worsened perception of health.
: Results reinforce the need for a distinct approach, since women of working age and men with lower educational level are more vulnerable to the occurrence of disability.
评估残疾的患病率及其与按性别分层的社会人口学和健康特征之间的关联。
这是一项横断面研究，采用概率抽样，纳入了2008年至2009年期间巴西贝洛奥里藏特（米纳斯吉拉斯州）两个卫生区的4048名18岁及以上居民。结局变量“残疾”基于自我报告的身体功能或结构问题确定。社会人口学特征（“性别”“年龄”“肤色”“婚姻状况”“受教育年限”和“家庭收入”）和健康状况（“报告的发病率”“健康自我评估”“生活质量”和“生活满意度”）为解释变量。我们使用卡方自动交互检测算法进行多变量决策树分析。
残疾的总体患病率为10.4%，女性（11.9%；95%置信区间 - 95%CI 10.2 - 13.6）高于男性（8.7%；95%CI 6.8 - 10.5）。在多变量分析中，女性的“年龄”和“发病率”，以及男性的“低教育水平”和“健康自我评估差”是最能区分残疾的变量。残疾自我报告在工作年龄（40至59岁）且收入较低的女性以及教育水平和收入较低的男性中更为频繁。关于健康状况，在报告患有三种或更多疾病且健康感知恶化的男女受试者中，残疾百分比最高。
结果强化了采取不同方法的必要性，因为工作年龄的女性和教育水平较低的男性更容易出现残疾。
