Radvansky G A, O'Rear Andrea E, Fisher Jerry S
Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, 218C Haggar Hall, Notre Dame, 46556, IN, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2017 Aug;45(6):1028-1044. doi: 10.3758/s13421-017-0713-4.
The current study explored the persistence of event model organizations and how this influences the experience of interference during retrieval. People in this study memorized lists of sentences about objects in locations, such as "The potted palm is in the hotel." Previous work has shown that such information can either be stored in separate event models, thereby producing retrieval interference, or integrated into common event models, thereby eliminating retrieval interference. Unlike prior studies, the current work explored the impact of forgetting up to 2 weeks later on this pattern of performance. We explored three possible outcomes across the various retention intervals. First, consistent with research showing that longer delays reduce proactive and retroactive interference, any retrieval interference effects of competing event models could be reduced over time. Second, the binding of information into events models may weaken over time, causing interference effects to emerge when they had previously been absent. Third, and finally, the organization of information into event models could remain stable over long periods of time. The results reported here are most consistent with the last outcome. While there were some minor variations across the various retention intervals, the basic pattern of event model organization remained preserved over the two-week retention period.
当前的研究探讨了事件模型组织的持续性以及这如何影响检索过程中的干扰体验。本研究中的参与者记忆了关于物体在特定位置的句子列表，例如“盆栽棕榈树在酒店里”。先前的研究表明，此类信息既可以存储在单独的事件模型中，从而产生检索干扰，也可以整合到共同的事件模型中，从而消除检索干扰。与先前的研究不同，当前的研究探讨了长达两周后的遗忘对这种表现模式的影响。我们在不同的保留间隔中探讨了三种可能的结果。首先，与研究表明较长延迟会减少前摄干扰和倒摄干扰一致，随着时间的推移，竞争事件模型的任何检索干扰效应都可能会降低。其次，随着时间的推移，信息与事件模型的绑定可能会减弱，导致在之前不存在干扰效应的情况下出现干扰效应。第三，也是最后一点，信息组织到事件模型中的方式可能会在很长一段时间内保持稳定。此处报告的结果与最后一种结果最为一致。虽然在不同的保留间隔中有一些细微的变化，但事件模型组织的基本模式在两周的保留期内仍然保持不变。
