Elhassan Amir O, Tran Lien B, Clarke Richard C, Singh Sumit, Kaye Alan D
Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1542 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, 757 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Anesthesiol Clin. 2017 Jun;35(2):181-190. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2017.01.004. Epub 2017 Apr 14.
Appropriate nutrition in the hospital setting, particularly in critically ill patients, has long been tied to improving clinical outcomes. During critical illness, inflammatory mediators and cytokines lead to the creation of a catabolic state to facilitate the use of endogenous energy sources to meet increased energy demands. This process results in increasing the likelihood of overfeeding. The literature has revealed exponential advances in understanding the molecular basis of nutritional support and evolution of clinical protocols aimed at treating artificial nutritional support as a therapeutic intervention, preventing loss of lean body mass and metabolic deterioration to improve clinical outcomes in the critically ill.
在医院环境中，尤其是在危重症患者中，适当的营养长期以来一直与改善临床结局相关。在危重症期间，炎症介质和细胞因子会导致分解代谢状态的产生，以促进内源性能量来源的利用，以满足增加的能量需求。这个过程会增加过度喂养的可能性。文献显示，在理解营养支持的分子基础以及临床方案的演变方面取得了指数级进展，这些临床方案旨在将人工营养支持作为一种治疗干预措施，防止瘦体重的丧失和代谢恶化，以改善危重症患者的临床结局。
