Booth Heather D E, Hirst Warren D, Wade-Martins Richard
Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2017 Jun;40(6):358-370. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.04.001. Epub 2017 May 17.
Astrocytes are the most populous glial subtype and are critical for brain function. Despite this, historically there have been few studies into the role that they may have in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, however, several studies have determined that genes known to have a causative role in the development of PD are expressed in astrocytes and have important roles in astrocyte function. Here, we review these recent developments and discuss their impact on our understanding of the pathophysiology of PD, and the implications that this might have for its treatment.
星形胶质细胞是数量最多的神经胶质细胞亚型，对脑功能至关重要。尽管如此，从历史上看，针对它们在神经退行性疾病（如帕金森病，PD）中可能发挥的作用的研究却很少。然而，最近有几项研究确定，已知在帕金森病发展过程中起致病作用的基因在星形胶质细胞中表达，并在星形胶质细胞功能中发挥重要作用。在此，我们回顾这些最新进展，并讨论它们对我们理解帕金森病病理生理学的影响，以及这可能对其治疗产生的影响。
