Prieto A, Fernández-Antonio R, Díaz-Cao J M, López G, Díaz P, Alonso J M, Morrondo P, Fernández G
Department of Animal Pathology (INVESAGA Group), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
Department of Animal Pathology (INVESAGA Group), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; Galician Association of Mink Breeders (AGAVI), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Vet Microbiol. 2017 May;204:59-63. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.04.013. Epub 2017 Apr 14.
Control and eradication of Aleutian Mink Disease Virus (AMDV) are a major concern for fur-bearing animal production. Despite notably reducing disease prevalence, current control programs are unable to prevent the reinfection of farms, and environmental AMDV persistence seems to play a major role regarding this issue. In this study 114 samples from different areas and elements of seven infected mink farms were analyzed by qPCR in order to evaluate the environmental distribution of AMDV load. Samples were classified into nine categories, depending on the type of sample and degree of proximity to the animals, the main source of infection. Two different commercial DNA extraction kits were employed in parallel for all samples. qPCR analysis showed 69.3% positive samples with one kit and 81.6% with the other, and significant differences between the two DNA extraction methods were found regarding AMDV DNA recovery. Regarding sample categorization, all categories showed a high percentage of AMDV positive samples (31%-100%). Quantification of positive samples showed a decrease in AMDV load from animal barns to the periphery of the farm. In addition, those elements in direct contact with animals, the street clothes and vehicles of farm workers and personal protective equipment used for sampling showed a high viral load, and statistical analysis revealed significant differences in AMDV load between the first and last categories. These results indicate high environmental contamination of positive farms, which is helpful for future considerations about cleaning and disinfection procedures and biosecurity protocols.
水貂阿留申病病毒（AMDV）的控制和根除是毛皮动物养殖的主要关注点。尽管当前的控制计划显著降低了疾病流行率，但仍无法防止养殖场再次感染，而且环境中AMDV的持续存在似乎在这一问题上起着主要作用。在本研究中，对来自7个受感染水貂养殖场不同区域和要素的114个样本进行了定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）分析，以评估AMDV载量的环境分布。根据样本类型以及与动物（主要感染源）的接近程度，样本被分为9类。所有样本同时平行使用两种不同的商业DNA提取试剂盒。qPCR分析显示，一种试剂盒检测出69.3% 的阳性样本，另一种为81.6%，并且发现两种DNA提取方法在AMDV DNA回收率方面存在显著差异。关于样本分类，所有类别均显示出高比例的AMDV阳性样本（31%-100%）。对阳性样本的定量分析表明，从动物畜舍到养殖场周边，AMDV载量呈下降趋势。此外，与动物直接接触的物品、农场工人的工作服和车辆以及用于采样的个人防护装备显示出高病毒载量，统计分析表明第一类和最后一类之间的AMDV载量存在显著差异。这些结果表明受感染养殖场的环境污染程度很高，这有助于未来对清洁和消毒程序以及生物安全协议的考量。
