Prieto Alberto, Fernández-Antonio Ricardo, López-Lorenzo Gonzalo, Díaz-Cao José Manuel, López-Novo Cynthia, Remesar Susana, Panadero Rosario, Díaz Pablo, Morrondo Patrocinio, Díez-Baños Pablo, Fernández Gonzalo
Department of Animal Pathology (INVESAGA Group), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
Galician Association of Mink Breeders (AGAVI), 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
J Vet Sci. 2020 Jul;21(4):e65. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e65.
Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) causes major economic losses in fur-bearing animal production. The control of most AMDV outbreaks is complex due to the difficulties of establishing the source of infection based only on the available on-farm epidemiological data. In this sense, phylogenetic analysis of the strains present in a farm may help elucidate the origin of the infection and improve the control and biosecurity measures.
This study had the following aims: characterize the AMDV strains from most outbreaks produced at Spanish farms between 2012-2019 at the molecular level, and assess the utility of the combined use of molecular and epidemiological data to track the possible routes of infection.
Thirty-seven strains from 17 farms were partially sequenced for the NS1 and VP2 genes and analyzed phylogenetically with other strains described worldwide.
Spanish AMDV strains are clustered in four major clades that generally show a good geographical correlation, confirming that most had been established in Spain a long time ago. The combined study of phylogenetic results and epidemiological information of each farm suggests that most of the AMDV outbreaks since 2012 had been produced by within-farm reservoirs, while a few of them may have been due to the introduction of the virus through international trade.
The combination of phylogenetic inference, together with epidemiological data, helps assess the possible origin of AMDV infections in mink farms and improving the control and prevention of this disease.
阿留申水貂病病毒（AMDV）给毛皮动物养殖业造成重大经济损失。由于仅依据现有的农场流行病学数据难以确定感染源，多数AMDV疫情的防控工作较为复杂。从这个意义上讲，对养殖场中存在的毒株进行系统发育分析，可能有助于阐明感染源并改进防控及生物安全措施。
本研究旨在实现以下目标：在分子水平上对2012年至2019年西班牙养殖场发生的多数疫情中的AMDV毒株进行特征分析，并评估联合使用分子数据和流行病学数据追踪可能感染途径的效用。
对来自17个养殖场的37个毒株的NS1和VP2基因进行部分测序，并与全球范围内描述的其他毒株进行系统发育分析。
西班牙的AMDV毒株聚集在四个主要分支中，总体呈现出良好的地理相关性，证实大多数毒株在很久以前就已在西班牙存在。对每个养殖场的系统发育结果和流行病学信息进行联合研究表明，自2012年以来的多数AMDV疫情是由农场内部的病毒库引起的，而其中少数疫情可能是由于通过国际贸易引入病毒所致。
系统发育推断与流行病学数据相结合，有助于评估水貂养殖场中AMDV感染的可能来源，并改进对该疾病的防控。
