National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bülowsvej 27, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Kopenhagen Fur, Langagervej 60, DK-2600, Glostrup, Denmark.
Virol J. 2017 Nov 22;14(1):231. doi: 10.1186/s12985-017-0898-y.
Aleutian mink disease has major economic consequences on the mink farming industry worldwide, as it causes a disease that affects both the fur quality and the health and welfare of the mink. The virus causing this disease is a single-stranded DNA virus of the genus Amdoparvovirus belonging to the family of Parvoviridae. In Denmark, infection with AMDV has largely been restricted to a region in the northern part of the country since 2001, affecting only 5% of the total Danish mink farms. However, in 2015 outbreaks of AMDV were diagnosed in all parts of the country. Initial analyses revealed that the out breaks were caused by two different strains of AMDV that were significant different from the circulating Danish strains. To track the source of these outbreaks, a major investigation of global AMDV strains was initiated.
Samples from 13 different countries were collected and partial NS1 gene was sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analyses.
The analyses revealed that AMDV exhibited substantial genetic diversity. No clear country wise clustering was evident, but exchange of viruses between countries was revealed. One of the Danish outbreaks was caused by a strain of AMDV that closely resembled a strain originating from Sweden. In contrast, we did not identify any potential source for the other and more widespread outbreak strain.
To the authors knowledge this is the first major global phylogenetic study of contemporary AMDV partial NS1 sequences. The study proved that partial NS1 sequencing can be used to distinguish virus strains belonging to major clusters. The partial NS1 sequencing can therefore be a helpful tool in combination with epidemiological data, in relation to outbreak tracking. However detailed information on farm to farm transmission requires full genome sequencing.
阿留申病对全球水貂养殖业有重大的经济影响，因为它会导致一种既影响皮毛质量又影响水貂健康和福利的疾病。引起这种疾病的病毒是一种属于细小病毒科细小病毒属的单链 DNA 病毒。在丹麦，自 2001 年以来，AMDV 的感染基本上仅限于该国北部的一个地区，仅影响丹麦水貂养殖场的 5%。然而，2015 年，丹麦全国各地都诊断出 AMDV 爆发。初步分析表明，这些爆发是由两种不同的 AMDV 株引起的，这两种株与丹麦流行株有很大的不同。为了追踪这些爆发的来源，对全球 AMDV 株进行了一次大规模调查。
从 13 个不同的国家收集样本，对部分 NS1 基因进行测序，并进行系统发育分析。
分析表明 AMDV 表现出很大的遗传多样性。没有明显的按国家聚类的现象，但显示出病毒在国家之间的交换。丹麦的一次爆发是由一种与源自瑞典的菌株非常相似的 AMDV 株引起的。相比之下，我们没有发现另一次更广泛爆发的菌株的任何潜在来源。
据作者所知，这是首次对当代 AMDV 部分 NS1 序列进行的重大全球系统发育研究。该研究证明，部分 NS1 测序可用于区分属于主要簇的病毒株。因此，部分 NS1 测序可以与流行病学数据结合使用，有助于追踪爆发。然而，有关农场到农场传播的详细信息需要全基因组测序。
