Kabel Allison, Teti Michelle, Zhang Ni
Assistant Professor, Department of Health Sciences, University of Missouri's School of Health Professions.
Assistant professor, Department of Health Sciences and Recreation, San Jose State University.
Vis Stud. 2016;31(3):221-230. doi: 10.1080/1472586X.2016.1210991. Epub 2016 Sep 6.
Using the visual arts to aid healing is a common therapy for people with critical illness, yet the use of art to improve the lives of people with HIV is under-utilized. Eight male and 20 female participants living with HIV in urban areas of the Midwest, U.S. participated in three group photovoice photo-sharing and discussion sessions, post-project individual interviews and a community photo exhibit. We used a grounded theory approach to analyze interview data, and identified three key themes: (1) health and wellness, (2) fear and stigma, and (3) restoring a threatened identity. Participants identified how taking photos, reflecting on and sharing them in focus groups helped them express themselves while living with and coping with HIV. Offering photography as form of expression is a way to foster strength and consequently, improve the lives of people living with HIV. Our participants benefitted from the process of telling their story with images. They were able to express positive aspects of their lives which could be a healthy form of catharsis in and of itself. Future research should continue to investigate how participants in participatory approaches like photovoice, actually do benefit from the research. Although we focused this analysis on resilience, photovoice is flexible and participants' responses to it are varied. Additional outcomes such as impact on mental and physical health, are worthy of additional exploration.
运用视觉艺术辅助康复是重症患者常用的一种治疗方法，但利用艺术改善艾滋病毒感染者生活的做法却未得到充分利用。美国中西部城市地区的8名男性和20名女性艾滋病毒感染者参与了三次小组摄影发声照片分享与讨论活动、项目结束后的个人访谈以及一场社区摄影展览。我们采用扎根理论方法分析访谈数据，确定了三个关键主题：（1）健康与幸福，（2）恐惧与耻辱，以及（3）恢复受到威胁的身份认同。参与者们指出，拍照、思考并在焦点小组中分享照片，有助于他们在感染艾滋病毒并与之抗争的过程中表达自我。提供摄影这种表达形式是增强力量的一种方式，从而改善艾滋病毒感染者的生活。我们的参与者从用图像讲述自己故事的过程中受益。他们能够表达生活中的积极方面，这本身可能就是一种健康的宣泄形式。未来的研究应继续调查像摄影发声这样的参与式方法的参与者实际上是如何从研究中受益的。尽管我们将此分析聚焦于复原力，但摄影发声具有灵活性，参与者的反应各不相同。其他结果，如对身心健康的影响，值得进一步探索。
