Islam Farhana, Mulsant Benoit H, Voineskos Aristotle N, Rajji Tarek K
Human Biology Department, University of Toronto, 300 Huron Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3J6, Canada.
Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017 Jul;19(7):36. doi: 10.1007/s11920-017-0794-6.
Schizophrenia has been hypothesized to be a syndrome of accelerated aging. Brain plasticity is vulnerable to the normal aging process and affected in schizophrenia: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important neuroplasticity molecule. The present review explores the accelerated aging hypothesis of schizophrenia by comparing changes in BDNF expression in schizophrenia with aging-associated changes.
Individuals with schizophrenia show patterns of increased overall mortality, metabolic abnormalities, and cognitive decline normally observed later in life in the healthy population. An overall decrease is observed in BDNF expression in schizophrenia compared to healthy controls and in older individuals compared to a younger cohort. There is a marked decrease in BDNF levels in the frontal regions and in the periphery among older individuals and those with schizophrenia; however, data for BDNF expression in the occipital, parietal, and temporal cortices and the hippocampus is inconclusive. Accelerated aging hypothesis is supported based on frontal regions and peripheral studies; however, further studies are needed in other brain regions.
有假说认为精神分裂症是一种加速衰老的综合征。脑可塑性易受正常衰老过程影响，且在精神分裂症中也会受到影响：脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）是一种重要的神经可塑性分子。本综述通过比较精神分裂症中BDNF表达的变化与衰老相关变化，探讨精神分裂症的加速衰老假说。
精神分裂症患者表现出总体死亡率增加、代谢异常和认知衰退的模式，这些通常在健康人群的晚年才会出现。与健康对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的BDNF表达总体下降；与年轻队列相比，老年个体的BDNF表达也下降。老年个体和精神分裂症患者的额叶区域及外周的BDNF水平显著降低；然而，枕叶、顶叶、颞叶皮质和海马体中BDNF表达的数据尚无定论。基于额叶区域和外周研究，加速衰老假说得到了支持；然而，其他脑区还需要进一步研究。
