CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15074, Peru.
BeCHANGE Research Group, Institute of Public Communication, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland.
Nutrients. 2018 Oct 23;10(11):1563. doi: 10.3390/nu10111563.
Peru is undergoing a nutrition transition and, at the country level, it faces a double burden of disease where several different conditions require dietary changes to maintain a healthy life and prevent complications. Through semistructured interviews in rural Peru with people affected by three infectious and noninfectious chronic conditions (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and neurocysticercosis), their relatives, and focus group discussions with community members, we analyzed their perspectives on the value of food and the challenges of dietary changes due to medical diagnosis. The findings show the various ways in which people from rural northern Peru conceptualize good () and bad () food, and that food choices are based on life-long learning, experience, exposure, and availability. In the context of poverty, required changes are not only related to what people recognize as healthy food, such as fruits and vegetables, but also of work, family, trust, taste, as well as affordability and accessibility of foods. In this paper we discuss the complexity of introducing dietary changes in poor rural communities whose perspectives on food are poorly understood and rarely taken into consideration by health professionals when promoting behavior change.
秘鲁正在经历营养转型，在国家层面上，它面临着双重疾病负担，即几种不同的疾病需要通过饮食改变来维持健康的生活并预防并发症。通过在秘鲁农村地区对受三种传染病和非传染性慢性疾病（2 型糖尿病、高血压和脑囊虫病）影响的人及其亲属进行半结构化访谈，以及与社区成员进行焦点小组讨论，我们分析了他们对食物价值的看法以及因医疗诊断而改变饮食的挑战。研究结果表明，秘鲁北部农村地区的人们从不同角度来理解好（）食物和坏（）食物，并且食物选择基于长期的学习、经验、接触和可获得性。在贫困的背景下，所需的改变不仅与人们认为的健康食物（如水果和蔬菜）有关，还与工作、家庭、信任、口味以及食物的可负担性和可获得性有关。在本文中，我们讨论了在贫困农村社区中引入饮食改变的复杂性，这些社区的食物观念尚未得到健康专业人员的充分理解，也很少被他们考虑到在促进行为改变时。
