Wageningen UR Centre for Development Innovation, P.O. Box 88, Wageningen, AB, 6700, Netherlands.
CIFOR International Center of Forestry Research, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor, 16000, Indonesia.
Environ Manage. 2018 Jul;62(1):157-169. doi: 10.1007/s00267-017-0883-7. Epub 2017 May 24.
This article analyzes the potential for landscape governance in large-scale commodity landscapes in Indonesia. It conceptualizes landscape governance as the spatialization of governance, which entails the interplay between natural-spatial conditions of place, public-private actor constellations, and policy responses. The article presents the case of a commodified oil palm landscape in West Kalimantan, where a potentially new type of landscape governance is emerging out of the experimental activities of an ecologically responsible commercial enterprise. It describes the development of a multifunctional concession as a process of productive bricolage involving the creative combination of different land uses within a single productive space. It also describes how such a multifunctional concession does not fit into existing policies, which are sectorally defined and embedded in sticky institutional frames. The formation of new public-private institutional arrangements needed for the development of multifunctional concessions is a difficult process, as it requires an alignment of contrasting discourses and an integration of sectorally-defined policy frames. If successful, it might facilitate the transition from multifunctional concessions to multifunctional landscapes. Such a fundamental change in land use and production relations however requires intensive stakeholder engagement and policy dialog. Indonesia's continuous decentralization process offers opportunities for this, as it increasingly provides institutional space at the landscape level, for public and private actors to explore common concerns, and craft public-private arrangements specific to the landscape.
本文分析了印度尼西亚大规模商品景观中景观治理的潜力。它将景观治理概念化为治理的空间化，涉及场所的自然空间条件、公私行为体组合以及政策响应之间的相互作用。本文介绍了西加里曼丹商品化油棕景观的案例，在那里，一种具有生态责任感的商业企业的实验活动正在产生一种潜在的新型景观治理。它描述了多功能特许权的发展是一个生产性拼凑的过程，涉及在单个生产空间内对不同土地用途的创造性组合。它还描述了这种多功能特许权如何不符合现有政策，这些政策是按部门定义的，并嵌入在粘性制度框架中。为发展多功能特许权而形成的新的公私制度安排是一个困难的过程，因为它需要调整对比鲜明的话语，并整合按部门定义的政策框架。如果成功，它可能有助于从多功能特许权过渡到多功能景观。然而，土地利用和生产关系的这种根本性变化需要密集的利益相关者参与和政策对话。印度尼西亚持续的权力下放进程为此提供了机会，因为它越来越多地在景观层面上提供制度空间，让公共和私营行为体共同探讨共同关注的问题，并制定针对景观的公私安排。
